Integrating Mcm-2 and Ki-67 immunohistochemistry with clinico-pathologic parameters for enhanced prognostic accuracy in oral verrucous lesions

• Published in: Journal of stomatology, oral and maxillofacial surgery p. 102047
• Main Authors: Sarathy, Niharika Abhay, Niranjan, Kochli Channappa, Alrani, Devendra, Niranjan, Vani, Krishnasamy, Nitya, Amberkar, Vikram S.
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: France Elsevier Masson SAS 05.09.2024
• Subjects: Carcinoma; Ki-67; Mcm-2; OSCC; OVL; Survival; Verrucous; Ki-67; OSCC; Verrucous; Carcinoma; OVL; Mcm-2; Survival; verrucous; carcinoma; survival
• ISSN: 2468-7855; 2468-7855
• DOI: 10.1016/j.jormas.2024.102047

Oral verrucous lesions (OVLs) present a diagnostic challenge due to their diverse and often confusing histopathological features. Accurate differentiation is essential for improving diagnosis and predicting prognosis. In addition to assessing overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS) in verrucous squamous cell carcinoma (VSCC) and conventional OSCC, this study seeks to evaluate the expression of Mcm-2 and Ki-67 in verrucous lesions and oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). These findings will be correlated with the nuclear expression of Mcm-2 and Ki-67. Ninety tissue samples that were paraffin embedded and formalin-fixed were examined using immunohistochemistry to determine the expression of Mcm-2 and Ki-67. Data on survival and clinico-pathologic characteristics were taken from patient records. Statistical analyses were conducted using Independent T-tests, Cox regression models, and Kaplan-Meier survival analysis. Mcm-2 was identified as a more sensitive and prognostic marker compared to Ki-67 across the study groups. Mcm-2 overexpression was observed in all cases of verrucous hyperplasia with dysplasia, verrucous carcinoma (VC), VSCC, and conventional OSCC. The 3-year OS and DFS rates were lower in conventional OSCC (75 % and 64.3 %, respectively) compared to VSCC (90 % and 70 %). This study represents the first initiative to employ both Mcm-2 and Ki-67 as proliferative markers for distinguishing between various oral verrucous lesions. Mcm-2 proves to be a valuable marker for differentiating between potentially malignant and malignant verrucous lesions. However, further validation with larger sample sizes and longer follow-up periods is necessary to confirm its role in predicting OS and DFS.