The role of proinflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines in bacterial pneumonia. Review

• Published in: Vestnik intensivnoĭ terapii no. 1; pp. 77 - 89
• Main Authors: Zinina, Elizaveta P., Tsarenko, S. V., Logunov, D. Y., Tukhvatulin, A. I., Babayants, A. V., Avramov, А. А.
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: 05.03.2021
• ISSN: 1726-9806; 1818-474X
• DOI: 10.21320/1818-474X-2021-1-77-89

Hospital-acquired pneumonia is a common cause of mortality in intensive care units. Therapy effectiveness depends on the antibiotic regimen chosen. Serum cytokines concentrations could be used as sensitive predictors of hospital-acquired pneumonia outcomes and therapy response. Analysis of literature in the Pubmed database shows, that using the key terms “pneumonia”, “cytokines” and “biomarkers”, 1062 publications can be found. By narrowing the search with key terms “nosocomial pneumonia” and “cytokines” it is possible to discover 212 publications. The search for literature, regarding information on specific cytokines and their role in bacterial pneumonia yields another 258 articles. Both experimental and clinical studies revealed the potential prognostic value of cytokines as diagnostic biomarkers in bacterial pneumonia. In this paper we review the pathogenesis of pneumonia-related inflammation, related cytokines, and their practical value. Information regarding interleukins, interferons, tumor necrosis factor superfamily proteins, matrix metalloproteinases, colony-stimulating factors, chemokines, and anti-inflammatory cytokines was reviewed. Many inflammatory factors have yet to be thoroughly researched. Furthermore, more studies are necessary to determine the prognostic potential of cytokines as markers of the effectiveness of antibacterial therapy in nosocomial pneumonia.