Optimizing Hierarchical Site Selection for Grid-Forming Energy Storage System: A Case Study of Power System in Western China

As the power system shifts from conventional synchronous generation (SG) to converter-interfaced generation (CIG), the reliance on CIG for maintaining frequency and voltage stability has increased. Grid-forming energy storage systems (GFM-ESSs), with control response characteristics similar to SG, a...

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Bibliographic Details
Published inIEEE journal of emerging and selected topics in industrial electronics (Print) Vol. 6; no. 3; pp. 1089 - 1099
Main Authors Liu, Yushan, Chen, Junru, Liu, Muyang
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published IEEE 01.07.2025
Subjects
Circuit stability
Frequency support
Grid following
Grid forming
grid-forming energy storage system (GFM-ESS)
index system
Indexes
Load flow
Power system dynamics
Power system stability
Sensitivity
site selection
Stability criteria
Voltage control
voltage support
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Summary:As the power system shifts from conventional synchronous generation (SG) to converter-interfaced generation (CIG), the reliance on CIG for maintaining frequency and voltage stability has increased. Grid-forming energy storage systems (GFM-ESSs), with control response characteristics similar to SG, are considered essential for improving the stability and performance of power systems. This article introduces a strategic approach for optimizing GFM-ESS site selection, addressing both plant-level and system-level stability statically and dynamically. First, a hierarchical siting index system is established, taking into account the impact of energy storage systems on static voltage stability and power losses, small-signal stability conditions at grid-forming stations, and the transient support capabilities of GFM-ESS devices. The K-means clustering method and an improved GRA-VIKOR evaluation algorithm are then applied to address the hierarchical siting problem and determine optimal installation locations for GFM-ESS within a large power grid. A case study of the Western China power system demonstrates that the proposed site selection strategy effectively identifies optimal locations, enhancing performance and support capabilities.
ISSN:2687-9735
2687-9743
DOI:10.1109/JESTIE.2025.3550774