Open innovation and internationalization of SMEs: a systematic literature review

• Published in: Multinational business review Vol. 32; no. 4; pp. 463 - 499
• Main Authors: TanTai, Bingyan, Senik, Zizah Che, Mat Isa, Rosmah, Muhamad, Nur Sa′adah
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Bingley Emerald Publishing Limited 29.10.2024; Emerald Group Publishing Limited
• Subjects: Competition; Competitive advantage; Decision making; Entrepreneurship; Globalization; Innovations; International markets; Knowledge; Literature reviews; Market entry; R&D; Research & development; Research methodology; Small & medium sized enterprises-SME; Small business; Systematic review; Literature review; Internationalization of SMEs; Knowledge flow; Open innovation; Collaboration
• ISSN: 1525-383X; 1525-383X; 2054-1686
• DOI: 10.1108/MBR-12-2023-0200

Purpose Open innovation (OI) significantly impacts the internationalization of small- and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) by connecting them with external resources and accelerating their innovation processes. This study aims to systematically evaluate and synthesize existing knowledge on the role of OI in the internationalization of SMEs. Design/methodology/approach Through a systematic literature review method, this study critically evaluates 35 articles published between 2003 and 2023, synthesizing existing research from theoretical, contextual, characteristic and methodological perspectives. Findings This study identifies theoretical, methodological, characteristics and contextual research gaps and further proposes a research agenda for expanding knowledge in the field. Additionally, it provides an overview of the antecedents of OI adoption, SMEs internationalization outcomes and the influencing mechanisms of OI on SMEs internationalization found in the literature, thereby establishing a foundational knowledge base for future scholars and practitioners in this field. Originality/value This review contributes to the existing literature by consolidating current knowledge on the topic and advancing the understanding of the intersection between OI and the internationalization of SMEs.