Restorative effect of Azadirachta indica against fenvalerate induced haematological and biochemical toxicity in a freshwater fish Clarias batrachus

• Published in: Journal of applied and natural science Vol. 12; no. 4; pp. 491 - 496
• Main Authors: Kumari, Pratibha, Jigyasu, Sanjay Kumar, Paul, Dilip Kumar
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Haridwar Applied and Natural Science Foundation 2020
• Subjects: Azadirachta indica; Body weight; Catfish; Cholesterol; Clarias batrachus; Crop yield; Dosage; Fenvalerate; Freshwater fish; Health hazards; Hemoglobin; Intubation; Leaves; Leukocytes; Neem; Oral administration; Pesticides; Plant extracts; Protein sources; Proteins; Pyrethroids; Serum proteins; Toxicity
• ISSN: 0974-9411; 2231-5209
• DOI: 10.31018/jans.v12i4.2376

Pesticide use in recent times has increased many folds to enhance the yield of crops. The water bodies like ponds and others are extensively used for the cultivation of fishes. Since these fishes are a good source of protein and nutritious value, hence are consumed by humans. These pesticide-contaminated fishes are consumed by the human, causing health hazards. The objective of the present research work was to know the bio remedial effect of Azadirachta indica on fenvalerate induced toxicity in a freshwater air-breathing catfish "Mangur" known as Clarias batrachus ( Linnaeus). The fishes were treated with 1/3rd of LC50, i.e. 0.92 ppm of a pyrethroid pesticide fenvalerate and observed the fishes for 96 hours. Thereafter, the aqueous leaf extract of Azadirachta indica was administered orally, daily by gastric intubation method at the dose of 100 mg/Kg body weight per day for 15 days. The study revealed that, after the exposure of 0.92 ppm of fenvalerate, there was a significant decrease in RBC count from 2.76 to 2.14 X (106) (mm-3), Total leukocyte count from18.10 to 16.30 X (103) (mm-3), , packed ell volume from 24 % to 16% , haemoglobin from 6.89 g/100 ml to 4.23 g/100ml of blood whereas increase in the level of serum glucose and cholesterol level from 50.33 mg/dl to 103.73 mg/dl and 168.52 g/dl to 248.99 g/dl respectively. At the same time, serum protein level decreased from  3.16g/dl to2.52 g/dl due to pesticide in the experimental fishes.   But, after the administration of aqueous leaf extract of Azadirachta indica there was significant normalisation in the test parameters of the fishes. The study indicated that neem leaves possessed restorative effect against fenvalerate induced toxicity in Clarias batrachus.