Application of biomaterials in experimentally induced alveolar bone osteoporosis

• Published in: Stomatološki glasnik Srbije Vol. 50; no. 1; pp. 13 - 17
• Main Authors: Ajdukovic, Zorica, Mihailovic, Dragan, Najman, Stevo, Savic, Vojin, Aleksov, Ljiljana, Stankovic, Sasa, Krunic, Nebojsa, Ristic, Kitka
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Serbian Medical Society - Dental Section, Belgrade 2003
• Subjects: alveolarbone; corticosteroids; hydroxiapatite; mandible; rat
• ISSN: 0039-1743; 1452-3701
• DOI: 10.2298/SGS0301013A

Rehabilitation of alveolar bone with tissue defect caused by advanced osteoporosis is a common problem in stomatology and maxillofacial surgery. One of therapeutic approaches is implantation of biomaterials. The aim of this study was to estimate biocompatibility, osteoconductive and reparative capabilities of biomaterials in wound healing of rats which are experimentally treated with corticosteroids during 12 weeks to produce osteoporosis. The syngenic Sprague Dolly female rats 6-8 weeks old were divided into the experimental and control groups. In the experimental group comprising 5 subgroups, the bone defects were made in the left mandible by 1.4 mm borer, in sterile conditions. In the first subgroup of rats healing wasspontaneous. In other four subgroups hydroxyapatite (HAp) composite, a mixture of HAp and autologous plasma, a mixture of HAp and fibrin glue, and glass jonomer bone cement were used, respectively. The best results were obtained with a mixture of HAp with plasma. Histologically, the new bone tissue was found in both spongious and compact mandibular parts. Our. results suggest that HAp can help in new bone tissue formation in animals treated with corticosteroids. Reparacija alveolarne kosti sa defektima tkiva usled uznapredovale osteoporoze predstavlja dosta cest problem u stomatologiji. Jedan od pristupa u resavanju ovakvih problema nudi oralna implantologija kroz primenu raznih biomaterijala. Istrazivanje je preduzeto sa ciljem da se ispitaju biokompatibilna, osteokonduktivna i reparatorna svojstva pojedinih biomaterijala u zarastanju artificijalno izazvanih kostanih defekata alveolarne kosti pacova, koji su prethodno tretirani kortikosteroidima tokom 12 nedelja radi izazivanja osteoporoze. Ispitivanje je uradjeno na pacovima singenog soja Sprague Dolly, zenskog pola starosti 6-8 nedelja podeljenih u dve grupe. Eksperimentalna grupa zivotinja je podeljena na pet podgrupa, kojima je napravljen artificijalni defekt u alveolarnoj kosti leve strane mandibule pomocu borera od 1,4 mm, u sterilnim uslovima. Kod jedne podgrupe defekt je ostavljen da spontano zarasta, a kod ostalih je u defekt implantiran hidroksiapatit (HAp) kompozit, cist ili pomesan sa autolognom plazmom, ili sa fibrinskim lepkom, kao i glas jonomer kostani cement. Najbolji rezultati postignuti su implantacijom HAp kompozita pomesanog sa plazmom. Uoceno je stvaranje nove kosti koja intenzivno prorasta kako kompaktni tako i spongiozni deo mandibule. Dobijeni rezultati pokazuju da HAp potpomaze stvaranje nove kosti kod eksperimentalnih zivotinja koje su tretirane kortikosteroidima.