Method of creation of FPGA based implementation of artificial intelligence as a service

• Published in: Radìoelektronnì ì komp'ûternì sistemi (Online) no. 3; pp. 27 - 36
• Main Author: Perepelitsyn, Artem
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: National Aerospace University «Kharkiv Aviation Institute 29.09.2023
• Subjects: aiaas; artificial intelligence; artificial intelligence-as-a-service; dpu; faas; fpga; fpga-as-a-service; hardware implementation of ai; heterogeneous computing for ai; neural network optimization
• ISSN: 1814-4225; 2663-2012
• DOI: 10.32620/reks.2023.3.03

The subject of study in this article is the technologies of Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA), methods, and tools for prototyping of hardware accelerators of Artificial Intelligence (AI) and providing it as a service. The goal is to reduce the efforts of creation and modification of FPGA implementation of Artificial Intelligent projects and provide such solutions as a service. Task: to analyze the possibilities of heterogeneous computing for the implementation of AI projects; analyze advanced FPGA technologies and accelerator cards that allow the organization of a service; analyze the languages, frameworks, and integrated environments for the creation of Artificial Intelligence projects for FPGA implementation; propose a technique for modifiable FPGA project prototyping to ensure a long period of compatibility with integrated environments and target devices; propose a technique for the prototyping of FPGA services with high performance to improve the efficiency of FPGA based AI projects; propose a sequence of optimization of neural networks for FPGA implementation; and provide an example of the practical implementation of the research results. According to the tasks, the following results were obtained. Analysis of the biggest companies and vendors of FPGA technology is performed. Existing heterogeneous technologies and potential non-electronic mediums for AI computations are discussed. FPGA accelerator cards with a large amount of High Bandwidth Memory (HBM) on the same chip package for implementation of AI projects are analyzed and compared. Languages, frameworks, and technologies as well as the capabilities of libraries and integrated environments for prototyping of FPGA projects for the AI applications are analyzed in detail. The sequence of prototyping of FPGA projects that are stable to changes in the environment is proposed. The sequence of prototyping of highly efficient pipelined projects for data processing is proposed. The steps of optimization of neural networks for FPGA implementation of AI applications are provided. An example of practical use of the results of research, including the use of sequences is provided. Conclusions. One of the main contributions of this research is the proposed method of creation of FPGA based implementation of AI projects in the form of services. Proposed sequence of neural network optimization for FPGA allows the reduction of the complexity of the initial program model by more than five times for hardware implementation depending on the required accuracy. The described solutions allow the construction of completely scalable and modifiable FPGA implementations of AI projects to provide it as a service.