Soil-Forming Factors

The expression of a soil results from five factors operating collectively: climateClimatesoil-forming factor, organisms, relief, parent material, and time (Fig. 3.1). The factors are interacting over time and cause a range of soil processes (e.g., illuviationIlluviation) that result in a diversity o...

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Published inThe Soils of Wisconsin pp. 23 - 54
Main Authors Hartemink, Alfred E, Bockheim, James G
Format Book Chapter
LanguageEnglish
Published Switzerland Springer International Publishing AG 2017
Springer International Publishing
SeriesWorld Soils Book Series
Subjects
Glacial Deposit
Ground Moraine
Lateral Moraine
Middle Woodland
Physical geography
Regional geography
Soil science, sedimentology
Sugar Maple
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Summary:The expression of a soil results from five factors operating collectively: climateClimatesoil-forming factor, organisms, relief, parent material, and time (Fig. 3.1). The factors are interacting over time and cause a range of soil processes (e.g., illuviationIlluviation) that result in a diversity of soil propertiesSoil properties (e.g., high clay content in the subsoil). Human activities that result in soil changes are often considered a sixth factor. Following the “Russian school of soil science,” Kellogg (Wisconsin Geological & Natural History Survey 77A. 113, 2004) illustrated the importance of geology, climate, and native vegetation on the distribution of soils in Wisconsin. Nygard et al. (Soil Science Society of America, Proceedings 16:123–129, 1952) related the general distribution of soils in the northern Great Lakes region to climate, vegetationVegetationsoil-forming factor, and parent materials. The following is a review of the role of soil-forming factors in the development of Wisconsin soils.
ISBN:3319521438
9783319521435
ISSN:2211-1255
2211-1263
DOI:10.1007/978-3-319-52144-2_3