Electrochemical Active Ions Sensitive and Thermal Responses of Triboelectric Generators

• Published in: IEEE journal on flexible electronics Vol. 3; no. 9; pp. 426 - 433
• Main Authors: Palsaniya, Shatrudhan, Jat, Bheru Lal, Dasmahapatra, Ashok Kumar, Palsaniya, Ram Chandra
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: IEEE 01.09.2024
• Subjects: Electrostatics; Energy density; Flexible electronics; ionic activities; Ions; Laser beams; laser micromachining (LMM); Laser modes; Liquids; Micromachining; Solids; Surface morphology; thermo-triboelectric; triboelectric generator; Triboelectricity
• ISSN: 2768-167X; 2768-167X
• DOI: 10.1109/JFLEX.2024.3469888

This work shows paper-based triboelectric generator development (TEG) with multifunctional capabilities. Monitoring techniques unveil consistent responses. Conventional TEG generates an open-circuit voltage (<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">{V} _{\mathrm {oc}} </tex-math></inline-formula>) of ~10 V and a short-circuit current (<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">{I} _{\mathrm {sc}} </tex-math></inline-formula>) of <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">\sim 64.14~\mu </tex-math></inline-formula> A. Electrochemical D-TEG achieves notable charge transfer and energy density (<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">{U} _{\mathrm {e}} </tex-math></inline-formula>) of about <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">3.88~\mu </tex-math></inline-formula> J cm−2 at 0.1 M KCl. The ionic solid interface reduces internal resistance (<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">{R} _{\mathrm {in}} </tex-math></inline-formula>), contributes consistent ionic conductivities (<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">\sigma _{\mathrm {ac}} </tex-math></inline-formula>), and maximum <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">\sigma _{\mathrm {ac}} </tex-math></inline-formula> is observed at 0.1 M KCl. Thermal agitated T-TEG shows improved performance with maximum <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">{V} _{\mathrm {oc}} </tex-math></inline-formula> of ~1.23 V and <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">{I} _{\mathrm {sc}} </tex-math></inline-formula> of <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">\sim 129~\mu </tex-math></inline-formula> A at <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">40~^{\circ } </tex-math></inline-formula> C. Thermally directed Ag ink inscribed interdigitate structured (IDs) T-TEG exhibit improved <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">{I} _{\mathrm {sc}} </tex-math></inline-formula> at temperature cycles. This study includes a detailed analysis of electron transfer mechanisms via energy band models in different environments, highlighting the solid ionic coupling effect on energy states and contact impedance. TEG can show potential in clinical diagnostic sensors, specifically ion recognition offering affordability and scalability.