Predictive Value of Breg and Serum IL-10 Concentration Levels for Acute ITP Progression to Chronic Phase

• Published in: Journal of pediatric hematology/oncology
• Main Authors: Aref, Salah, El Menshawy, Nadia, Darwish, Ahmad, Farag, Nora A
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: United States 01.08.2022
• ISSN: 1536-3678
• DOI: 10.1097/MPH.0000000000002414

Pediatric immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) is a potentially life threating autoimmune disorder with different responses to therapy and different bleeding phenotypes in critical organs. The molecular basis for the variable response has not yet been fully elucidated. This study was designed to address the predictive value of regulatory B-cell (Breg) count and interleukin-10 (IL-10) serum levels for acute ITP patients who progress to chronic phase. The present study included 80 children with acute ITP )38 males and 42 females (with median age of 8 years and 40 matched healthy controls. Assessment of Breg (CD19+CD24hiCD38hi) was carried out by a multicolor flowcytometry, however, IL-10 serum levels were evaluated by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. A significant reduction of Breg percentage and a significant increase in serum IL-10 levels were identified in children with acute ITP as compared with controls (P<0.001 for both). Fourteen ITP patients passed to chronic phase, while 66 patients achieved remission within 6 months. The absolute Breg was significantly lower, while IL-10 was significantly higher in patients with acute ITP who progressed to chronic phase in comparison with acute ITP patients who achieved complete remission. Cox proportional hazards for ITP chronicity revealed that IL-10 OR was 2.46 (confidence interval: 1.42-4.27; P=0.001) and absolute Breg OR was 0.147 (confidence interval: 0.128-0.624; P=0.005) in the peripheral blood. Therefore, they could predict chronicity in ITP cases. Reduced Breg count and elevated IL-10 levels in patients with acute ITP at diagnosis can predict chronicity.