Distribution of perfluorinated compounds in drinking water treatment plant and reductive degradation by UV/SO3 2− process
Perfluorinated compounds (PFCs), which are widely used in industrial and residential areas, have a large negative impact on the environment. This study investigated the removal efficiency of five PFCs in a drinking water treatment plant. The results indicate that the total PFC concentration in raw w...
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Published in | Environmental science and pollution research international Vol. 25; no. 8; pp. 7443 - 7453 |
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Main Authors | , , , |
Format | Journal Article |
Language | English |
Published |
Heidelberg
Springer Nature B.V
01.03.2018
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Subjects | |
Online Access | Get full text |
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Summary: | Perfluorinated compounds (PFCs), which are widely used in industrial and residential areas, have a large negative impact on the environment. This study investigated the removal efficiency of five PFCs in a drinking water treatment plant. The results indicate that the total PFC concentration in raw water is 261.51 ng L−1 and that perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) and perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) are the predominant pollutants. Among all of the treatment processes, coagulation sedimentation process had the highest removal ratio of PFCs (36.12%), and removal ratio was the least in the sand filtration process. The ozonation/activated carbon and disinfection processes increased the concentration of PFCs. Therefore, developing an effective treatment to degrade PFCs is feasible. In this study, we proposed a method using UV irradiation of SO32− at 365 nm to degrade PFCs. The SO32− concentration, pH, and initial concentration had profound impacts on the degradation of PFCs. When the PFC initial concentration was 20 mg L−1, the SO32− concentration was 2.4 g L−1, and in the presence of buffer, the degradation of PFCs was the most efficient, with the degradation ratio close to 100% after 60 min of reaction. During the degradation of PFCs, short-chain PFCs and hydrofluorinated carboxylic acid were generated. From the above, we proposed a detailed mechanism of degradation and its possible pathways. |
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ISSN: | 0944-1344 1614-7499 |
DOI: | 10.1007/s11356-017-1024-9 |