A review on controlling grain boundary character distribution (GBCD) in laser powder bed fusion (LPBF) alloys

• Published in: Archives of materials science and engineering
• Main Authors: Snopiński, P., Płaczek, P., Król, M.
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: 01.02.2025
• ISSN: 1897-2764
• DOI: 10.5604/01.3001.0055.1237

The review aims to examine the effectiveness of grain boundary engineering (GBE) techniques in Laser Powder Bed Fusion (LPBF) materials. It focuses on how the unique, non-equilibrium microstructures inherent to LPBF, characterised by high residual stresses and distinct grain morphologies, necessitate tailored GBE strategies. Specifically, the paper investigates the manipulation of Coincidence Site Lattice (CSL) boundaries to achieve desired material properties.The paper employs a comprehensive review approach, analysing existing literature and researching various GBE techniques applied to LPBF-fabricated materials. The review encompasses a range of material systems, including stainless steels, nickel-based superalloys, and aluminium alloys. The analysis focuses on understanding how different GBE methods manipulate CSL boundaries and their impact on material properties.The review highlights the challenges and opportunities presented by LPBF’s non-equilibrium microstructures for GBE. It finds that conventional GBE approaches require adaptation to effectively manipulate CSL boundaries in LPBF materials. The analysis reveals varying degrees of success in achieving desired material properties through tailored GBE strategies in different alloy systems.The review is based on existing published research, and future studies should focus on experimental validation of the reviewed GBE techniques in diverse LPBF materials. Further research is needed to develop predictive models for CSL boundary manipulation in LPBF, considering the complex interplay of processing parameters and material composition.The review provides insights for optimising GBE strategies in LPBF to enhance material performance. It can lead to improved mechanical properties, corrosion resistance, and high-temperature performance of LPBF-fabricated components in various industrial applications, including aerospace and energy.The paper provides a comprehensive overview of GBE in LPBF materials, highlighting the unique challenges and opportunities associated with non-equilibrium microstructures. It offers valuable insights into manipulating CSL boundaries and developing tailored GBE strategies, contributing to the advancement of LPBF technology.