Real-world experience of pembrolizumab plus lenvatinib in unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma in Taiwan

• Published in: Journal of clinical oncology Vol. 38; no. 15_suppl; p. e16627
• Main Authors: Wu, Chi-Jung, Hung, Ya-Wen, Lee, Pei_Chang, Lee, ChiehJu, Chen, Ming Huang, Chao, Yee, Hou, Ming-Chih, Huang, Yi-Hsiang
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: 20.05.2020
• ISSN: 0732-183X; 1527-7755
• DOI: 10.1200/JCO.2020.38.15_suppl.e16627

Abstract only e16627 Background: Multi-kinase inhibitors and immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) are treatment options of systemic therapy for unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Targeted therapy can potentially enhance T cell infiltration and activation, consequently, cooperate with ICIs to produce synergistic anti-tumor effects. The ongoing clinical trial shows promising data by combining pembrolizumab with lenvatinib for advanced HCC. The study tried to evaluate the treatment response and adverse events of pembrolizumab plus lenvatinib for HCC in real-world setting. Methods: From Jul. 2019, patients who received pembrolizumab plus lenvatinib for unresectable HCC in a tertiary medical center in Taiwan were prospectively enrolled. The status of HCC was either in advanced HCC or failed by prior locoregional treatment. The dosage of pembrolizumab was 100mg every 3 weeks. The starting dose of lenvatinib was 10mg per day then titrating to weight-based dose according to recommendation. Patients who had received at least 2 cycles of pembrolizumab were evaluated in this report. The tumor response was assessed with Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors (RECIST) v1.1 and modified RECIST (mRECIST). The treatment related adverse events (TRAEs) were graded according to Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (CTCAE) v5.0. Results: Till the end of Jan. 2020, 27 patients had received at least 2 cycles of pembrolizumab, and 17 had evaluable post-treatment images either by CT or MRI. There were 6 (22.2%) in BCLC B, and 21 (77.8%) in BCLC C. Of them, 17 (63%) were treated as the first-line systemic treatment, 8 as the second-line and 2 as the third line systemic treatment. Of the 17 cases with post-treatment image studies, there were 6 (35.3%) in partial response (PR), 7 (41.2%) in stable disease (SD), and 4 (23.5%) in progressive disease (PD) by RECIST v1.1; and 1 (5.8%) in complete response (CR), 9 (52.9%) in PR, 3 (17.6%) in SD and 4 (23.5%) in PD by mRECIST, respectively. The objective response rate (ORR) and disease control rate (DCR) by mRECIST were 58.7% and 76.5%, respectively. The most common TRAEs in any grade were hypertension 24 (88.4%), palmar-plantar syndrome 19 (70.4%), hypothyroidism 19(70.4%). The Grade 3/4 TRAEs were 3 (11.1%) with psoriasis-like skin reaction, 3 (11.1%) with hypertension and 2 (7.4%) with palmar-plantar syndrome. Conclusions: Pembrolizumab plus lenvatinib can produce excellent ORR and DCR with tolerable safety profiles. Such combination could be a promising strategy for unresectable HCC in the future.