ON THE ISSUE OF THE COMPREHENSIVE IMPACT OF NEGATIVE AND HARMFUL FACTORS ON THE OCCURRENCE OF OCCUPATIONAL DISEASES

• Published in: Ukrainian Journal of Civil Engineering and Architecture no. 6 (018); pp. 7 - 15
• Main Authors: Belikov, A.S., Strezhekurov, Yu.E., Ragimov, S.Yu, Kharchenko, V.V.
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: 24.02.2024
• ISSN: 2710-0367; 2710-0375
• DOI: 10.30838/J.BPSACEA.2312.261223.7.1001

Most of the time, a person spends indoors, and up to 40 % of this time is spent at their workplace. Therefore, the environmental conditions, whether at home or at work, have a significant impact on the human body and their performance. The modern world is influenced by more than a hundred real existing negative factors that affect industry, daily life, and the natural environment. According to the standards defined in DSTU-N B A.3.2-1:2007 “Occupational Safety Standards. Guidelines for Identifying Hazardous and Harmful Factors and Protection Against Their Impact in Production”, environmental factors are divided into several groups: physical, chemical, biological and psychophysiological. The presence of these factors affects the health and safety of individuals while performing their professional duties. The purpose of the article. Conducting a comprehensive analysis of the impact of negative and harmful factors on the occurrence of occupational diseases in the workplace with the aim of developing recommendations for improving working conditions and preventing occupational diseases. Conclusion. 1. A comprehensive approach is necessary to address the tasks of creating safe working conditions and providing a normal working environment for enterprise personnel. 2. The significant complexity of the comprehensive impact of harmful factors on production workers requires the provision of optimal working conditions and the preservation of workers' health. 3. It is important to study the combined effect of various production environment factors on the worker's body in manufacturing processes involving high temperatures. 4. The assessment of working conditions in areas with elevated thermal radiation is not yet complete because it does not consider qualitative characteristics of thermal radiation, such as spectral composition, vector energy distribution, the influence of splashes, and particles of molten metal, and the operating mode of heat radiation sources. 5. Based on the analysis of collected data in the workshops of petrochemical and metallurgical enterprises, it has been found that the most dangerous and challenging working conditions, with limited research from the standpoint of working conditions, are the workplaces and areas with elevated thermal radiation, where sanitary norms are exceeded by more than 100 times. 6. Quantitative and qualitative characteristics of excessive thermal radiation, such as spectral composition (direct and transformed radiation) and vector distribution, as well as the influence of splashes and particles of molten metal, were not taken into account when addressing protection from thermal radiation. 7. There is currently no unified methodology for researching working conditions and developing recommendations for their improvement.