Profile of Hospitalized Hypertensives with Preserved and Reduced Left Ventricular Ejection Fraction in Nigeria

• Published in: ICF journal Vol. 14; pp. 11 - 15
• Main Authors: Olusegun-Joseph, Akinsanya Daniel, Karaye, Kamilu M, Akintunde, Adeseye A, Okunowo, Bolanle O, Opadijo, Oladimeji G, Habib, Abdulrazak Garba, Balarabe, Suleiman A
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Barcaray International 06.02.2019
• Subjects: comorbidities; hypertension; mortality; preserved lv ejection fraction; reduced lv ejection fraction
• ISSN: 2410-2636; 2409-3424
• DOI: 10.17987/icfj.v14i0.502

Introduction The impact of preserved and reduced left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) has been well studied in heart failure, but not in hypertension. We aimed to highlight the prevalence, clinical characteristics, comorbidities and outcomes of hospitalized hypertensives with preserved and reduced LVEF from three teaching hospitals in Nigeria. Methods: This is a retrospective study of hypertensives admitted in 2013 in three teaching hospitals in Lagos, Kano and Ogbomosho, who had echocardiography done while on admission. Medical records and echocardiography parameters of the patients were retrieved and analyzed. Results: 54 admitted hypertensive patients who had echocardiography were recruited, of which 30 (55.6%) had reduced left ventricular ejection fraction (RLVEF), defined as ejection fraction <50%; while 24 (44.4%) had preserved left ventricular ejection fraction (PLVEF). There were 37(61.5%) females and 17 (31.5%) males. Of the male patients 64.7% had RLVEF, while 35.3% had PLVEF. 19(51.4%) of females had RLVEF, while 48.6% had PLVEF. Mean age of patients with PLVEF was 58.83±12.09 vs 54.83± 18.78 of RLVEF; p-0.19. Commonest comorbidity was Heart failure (HF) followed by stroke (found among 59.3% and 27.8% of patients respectively). RLVEF was significantly commoner than PLVEF in HF patients (68.8% vs 31.3%; p- 0.019); no significant difference in stroke patients (46.7% vs 53.3%; p-0.44). Mortality occurred in 1 (1.85%) patient who had RLVEF.         Conclusion: RLVEF was more common than PLVEF among admitted hypertensive patients; they also have more comorbidities. In-hospital mortality is, however, very low in both groups.