СРАВНИТЕЛЬНАЯ ОЦЕНКА ЭФФЕКТИВНЫХ ДОЗ ОБЛУЧЕНИЯ ПАЦИЕНТОВ И ПЕРСОНАЛА В МЕДИЦИНСКОЙ РАДИОЛОГИИ

• Published in: The Bulletin of Contemporary Clinical Medicine Vol. 16; no. suppl.2; pp. 43 - 48
• Main Authors: TASTANOVA, GULCHEHRA E., LI, MARINA V., YUNUSKHODJAEV, PAKHLAVI P., PARDAEV, ANVAR M., HAIDAROVA, BARNOY I.
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: 01.12.2023
• ISSN: 2071-0240; 2079-553X
• DOI: 10.20969/VSKM.2023.16(suppl.2).43-48

Introduction. The article presents the findings of the study and comparative assessment of radiation doses in patients and personnel in diagnostic medicine using sources of ionizing radiation. Currently, over 2,373 radioactive sources are used in in 903 medical institutions of the Republic of Uzbekistan. Therefore, an extremely important task is to assess the patients’ and personnel risks related to medical and occupational exposure and to create ways to improve radiation protection in medical radiology at the present stage. The aim of the study was to perform a comparative analysis of patients’ and staff radiation doses used in conducting diagnostic medical procedures involving the sources of ionizing radiation and radioactive substances. Materials and Methods. To achieve the goal and objectives of the research aimed at studying radiation doses, we selected protocols for scanning patients during X-ray diagnostics, nuclear medicine studies in medical institutions, and the results of the individual dosimetry monitoring of personnel. Results and Discussion. Our findings showed that medical and occupational exposures are within the low to very low dose range and the risks are low to very low, as well. Not only is medical exposure different from other types, but it also carries risks of “no radiation” or “underexposure” that may be greater than the risks of exposure. Limiting medical exposure to only preventive studies (1 mSv) does not solve the problem of reducing medical exposure risks. The concept of “prevention” includes all those who can be classified as “asymptomatic” patients, which is incorrect. People undergoing preliminary or ongoing professional medical examinations do not match with those at risk undergoing, for example, screening studies. The approaches to them should be different. Conclusions. In radiation-hazardous medical institutions, all measures must be taken to ensure radiation safety and protection of personnel, patients, the public, and the environment.