Dietary assessment of hemodialysis patients in T ehran, I ran

• Published in: Hemodialysis international Vol. 15; no. 4; pp. 530 - 537
• Main Authors: AS'HABI, Atefeh, TABIBI, Hadi, HOUSHIAR RAD, Anahita, NOZARY HESHMATI, Behnaz, MAHDAVI‐MAZDEH, Mitra, HEDAYATI, Mehdi
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: 01.10.2011
• ISSN: 1492-7535; 1542-4758
• DOI: 10.1111/j.1542-4758.2011.00582.x

Abstract Inadequate dietary intakes are a major determinant of malnutrition in hemodialysis ( HD ) patients. Considering the lack of information available on dietary intakes of HD patients in I ran, the present study was designed to assess the dietary intakes of HD patients in T ehran, I ran. For this cross‐sectional study, from among adult HD patients of 50 Tehran hemodialysis centers, 291 patients were randomly selected. Dietary intakes of these patients were assessed using a 4‐day dietary recall. In addition, 4 mL of blood was obtained from each patient before dialysis to measure serum urea, creatinine, albumin, phosphorus, calcium, potassium, and high sensitive C ‐reactive protein levels. Dietary intakes of energy, protein and fiber were lower than recommended intakes in 88%, 84.5%, and 99% of HD patients, respectively. There were significant associations between dietary energy intake with the patient's age ( p  < 0.05), and HD vintage ( P  < 0.001). In addition, a significant association was found between dietary protein intake and sex ( P  < 0.05). Intakes of vitamins B 1, B 2, B 3, B 6, B 12, C , E , folic acid, and of the minerals calcium and zinc (from both the diet and supplements) were lower than recommended intakes in 13.5%, 41.5%, 19%, 66%, 61%, 78%, 77%, 24%, 34%, and 98.5% of HD patients, respectively. Inadequate intakes of energy and various nutrients are prevalent in HD patients in T ehran, I ran, which may contribute to increased morbidity and mortality in these patients. Therefore, nutrition counseling and the administration of vitamin and mineral supplements are necessary in Iranian HD patients.