Bio-based tin phytate interface assembled bismuth oxychloride for enhanced flame retardancy and smoke suppression in polyvinyl chloride coatings

• Published in: Journal of cleaner production Vol. 476; p. 143615
• Main Authors: Cheng, Feiyang, Zhu, Xiangfeng, Lin, Bokun, Shi, Chen, Han, Jian
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Elsevier Ltd 15.10.2024
• Subjects: Bio-based; Environmental-friendly; Flame retardancy; PVC coatings; Smoke suppression; Flame retardancy; PVC coatings; Smoke suppression; Environmental-friendly; Bio-based
• ISSN: 0959-6526
• DOI: 10.1016/j.jclepro.2024.143615

The utilization of polyvinyl chloride (PVC) coatings is pervasive across numerous industries and market applications. However, due to its highly flammable nature, PVC coatings generate a large amount of toxic smoke when burning. We developed a bio-derived flame retardant and smoke suppressant, PASn@BiOCl, utilizing interface assembly technology. Compared to pure PVC coating, the addition of only 15 phr BiOCl@PASn significantly enhanced its various properties. The limiting oxygen index of PVC coating improved from 23.4% to 29.2%. Additionally, the UL-94 vertical burning test rating of the PVC coating has been improved from NR (No Rating) to V-0. More importantly, the peak heat release rate and peak smoke production rate of the PVC coating decreased by 70.7% and 60.7%, respectively, demonstrating the effective suppression of combustion and smoke generation. We also analyzed the pyrolysis products at different temperatures and the combustion behavior at various stages using Py-GC/MS and TG-IR techniques. It was observed that the char layer generated by PVC/BiOCl@PASn exhibited greater stability and density. The decomposition products including bismuth oxides, tin oxides, and phosphorus oxides formed a stable insulating layer on the charcoal surface, which effectively acted as a cohesive phase flame retardant. This highly efficient flame retardant and smoke suppressant PVC coating has enormous application potential in the fields of building materials, automobiles, textiles, and electrics. [Display omitted] •A novel bio-based BiOCl@PASn was successfully designed and synthesized.•The flame retardant and smoke suppression properties of PVC coatings were significantly improved.•The mechanism of action of PVC/BiOCl@PASn was analyzed and summarized.•The research has broad applications in building materials, the automotive industry, and other fields.