Cytomegalovirus disease in immunosuppressed patients with necrotizing pauci-immune glomerulonephritis

Renal involvement due to necrotizing pauci-immune glomerulonephritis (PIGN) associated with small vessel vasculitis requires the use of immunosuppressive. Associated side effects include an increased risk of infectious processes, such as cytomegalovirus disease (CMV); therefore, there are no recomme...

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Published inMedicina clínica (English ed.) Vol. 160; no. 5; pp. 199 - 202
Main Authors Barroso Hernández, Sergio, Rodríguez Sabillón, Jorge Alberto, Álvarez López, Álvaro, García de Vinuesa Calvo, Elena, Calvo Cano, Antonia, Robles Pérez-Monteoliva, Nicolás Roberto
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published Elsevier España, S.L.U 10.03.2023
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Summary:Renal involvement due to necrotizing pauci-immune glomerulonephritis (PIGN) associated with small vessel vasculitis requires the use of immunosuppressive. Associated side effects include an increased risk of infectious processes, such as cytomegalovirus disease (CMV); therefore, there are no recommendations on its management in the various clinical practice guidelines (CPG). To study the incidence of CMV disease and its determinants. Patients with histological diagnosis of necrotizing pauci-immune glomerulonephritis in the last ten years, who were determined the viral load of CMV, analyzing the determinants of its occurrence. 44 biopsies were performed during the study period. Eleven patients (25%) developed CMV disease; all had received immunosuppressive treatment. Four (30,8%) died during admission. The determinants of CMV disease were age (for every 10 years OR: 3,0, 95% CI: 1,0–8,9, p=0,012), and plasma albumin (for each g/L OR: 0,8, 95% CI: 0,6 to 1,0, p=0,012). The incidence of CMV disease in immunocompromised patients due to PIGN is high, with high mortality. It would be necessary to include strategies in the CPGs to prevent it. La afectación renal por glomerulonefritis necrosante pauci-inmune (GNPI) asociada a vasculitis de pequeño vaso requiere tratamiento inmunodepresor, cuyos efectos secundarios incluyen un mayor riesgo de procesos infecciosos, como la enfermedad por citomegalovirus (CMV), aunque no hay recomendaciones sobre su manejo en las guías de práctica clínica (GPC). Estudiar la incidencia de enfermedad por CMV y sus determinantes. Pacientes con diagnóstico histológico de GNPI en los últimos diez años, determinando la carga viral de CMV y analizando los determinantes de su concurrencia. Se realizaron 44 biopsias durante el periodo de estudio. Del total, 11 pacientes (25%), desarrollaron enfermedad por CMV; todos habían recibido tratamiento inmunodepresor. Cuatro (30,8%), fallecieron durante el ingreso. Los factores determinantes de la enfermedad fueron la edad (por cada 10 años OR: 3,0, IC 95%: 1,0 a 8,9, p=0,012) y la albúmina (por cada g/L OR: 0,8, IC 95%: 0,6 a 1,0, p=0,012). La incidencia de enfermedad por CMV en pacientes inmunodeprimidos por GNPI es alta, con alta mortalidad. Sería necesario incluir estrategias en las GPC para prevenir su desarrollo.
ISSN:2387-0206
2387-0206
DOI:10.1016/j.medcle.2022.07.024