Kawasaki's Disease in Remission With Cardiac Involvement: Intrasacular Thrombus in a Giant Aneurism of Both Coronary Arteries. Case Report

Kawasaki disease is of relevance in pediatric practice because it is a systemic vasculitis of unknown origin and the most common cause of acquired heart disease in young patients. Its main complication is the formation of a coronary aneurism in 25% of the patients, unless they receive timely medical...

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Published inReumatología clinica (Barcelona) Vol. 7; no. 5; pp. 329 - 332
Main Authors Mendiola Ramírez, Karla, Díaz, Jorge Omar Osorio, Velázquez, María del Rocío Maldonado, Fuentes, Enrique Faugier
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published Elsevier España 01.09.2011
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Summary:Kawasaki disease is of relevance in pediatric practice because it is a systemic vasculitis of unknown origin and the most common cause of acquired heart disease in young patients. Its main complication is the formation of a coronary aneurism in 25% of the patients, unless they receive timely medical treatment. We report the case of a 4-month-old male child with Kawasaki's disease, who received treatment with gammaglobulin and acetyl-salicylic acid, in which the initial echocardiogram showed aneurisms. Admitted to our hospital with cardiogenic shock, we documented, by echocardiography, the presence of coronary aneurisms with intrasaccular thrombus and acute myocardial infarction. He received fibrinolytic therapy, with an adequate response: the size of aneurisms decreased, as did the intrasaccular thrombus. Currently the patient is asymptomatic and receiving treatment with warfarin and acetylsalicylic acid. The diagnosis and treatment, as well as identification of risk factors can prevent fatal complications at the cardiovascular level. The treatment in the first 10 days of illness with gammaglobulin and acetyl-salicylic acid reduced cardiac complications from 4.7% to 25%. La enfermedad de Kawasaki es de relevancia en la práctica pediátrica debido a que es la vasculitis sistémica de origen desconocido más común y la primera causa de cardiopatía adquirida en pacientes jóvenes. Su complicación principal es cardiaca, ya que el 25% de los pacientes sufre la formación de aneurismas coronarios si no reciben de manera oportuna tratamiento médico. Reportamos el caso de un niño de 4 meses de edad, con enfermedad de Kawasaki, que recibe tratamiento con gammaglobulina y ácido acetilsalicílico. El ecocardiograma inicial no presenta ectasias o aneurismas. Ingresa en nuestro hospital con datos de choque cardiogénico, se documenta por ecocardiografía aneurismas coronarios, con trombo intra-sacular e infarto agudo al miocardio. Recibe terapia fibrinolítica, con respuesta adecuada: disminución del tamaño de los aneurismas y del trombo intra-sacular. Actualmente el paciente se encuentra asintomático y en vigilancia en la consulta externa, recibe tratamiento con warfarina y ácido acetilsalicílico. El diagnóstico y el tratamiento oportuno, así como la identificación de factores de riesgo, pueden evitar complicaciones fatales a nivel cardiovascular. El tratamiento en los primeros 10 días de la enfermedad con gammaglobulina y ácido acetilsalicílico reduce del 4.7% al 25% de las complicaciones cardiacas.
ISSN:2173-5743
2173-5743
DOI:10.1016/j.reumae.2010.11.001