Hospital at home or acute hospital care? A cost minimisation analysis

• Published in: BMJ Vol. 316; no. 7147; pp. 1802 - 1806
• Main Authors: Coast, Joanna, Richards, Suzanne H, Peters, Tim J, Gunnell, David J, Darlow, Mary-Anne, Pounsford, John
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: England British Medical Journal Publishing Group 13.06.1998; British Medical Association; BMJ Publishing Group Ltd; BMJ Publishing Group LTD; British Medical Journal
• Subjects: Aged; Budgets; Cost analysis; Cost estimates; Cost of Illness; Cost-Benefit Analysis; Economic aspects; Economic costs; England; General Practice; Health care costs; Health Care Costs - statistics & numerical data; Health Resources - economics; Health Resources - statistics & numerical data; Home care; Home care services; Home care services industry; Home Care Services, Hospital-Based - economics; Hospital care; Hospital costs; Hospital Costs - statistics & numerical data; Hospital outpatient services; Hospitalization; Hospitals; Hospitals, District - economics; Humans; Length of Stay - economics; Minimization of cost; Outpatient services; Patient Care Team - economics; Sensitivity analysis; Sensitivity and Specificity; Social services; State Medicine - economics; Travel expenses; Unit costs; Urban Health; United Kingdom > UK; England
• ISSN: 0959-8138; 1468-5833; 1756-1833
• DOI: 10.1136/bmj.316.7147.1802

Abstract Objective: To compare, from the viewpoints of the NHS and social services and of patients, the costs associated with early discharge to a hospital at home scheme and those associated with continued care in an acute hospital. Design: Cost minimisation analysis. Setting: Acute hospital wards and the community in the north of Bristol (population about 224 000). Subjects: 241 hospitalised but medically stable elderly patients who fulfilled the criteria for early discharge to a hospital at home scheme and who consented to participate. Main outcome measures: Costs to the NHS, social services, and patients over the 3 months after randomisation. Results:The mean cost for hospital at home patients over the 3 months was £2516, whereas that for hospital patients was £3292. Under all the assumptions used in the sensitivity analysis, the cost of hospital at home care was less than that of hospital care. Only when hospital costs were assumed to be less than 50% of those used in the initial analysis was the difference equivocal. Conclusions: The hospital at home scheme is less costly than care in the acute hospital. These results may be generalisable to schemes of similar size and scope, operating in a similar context of rising acute admissions. Key messages Some economic evaluations have found that hospital at home care is more costly than acute hospital care in the United Kingdom, and others have found that it is less costly Cost minimisation analysis found a mean cost to the NHS and social services of £2516 per hospital at home patient and £3292 per hospital patient For every £10 000 spent, routine hospital care could be provided for three patients, while early discharge to care in the hospital at home scheme could be provided for four patients Sensitivity analysis (making differing assumptions for the cost of both services within reasonable boundaries) does not change the result that hospital at home is less costly than hospital care; only when hospital costs are assumed to be less than 50% of the original estimate does the difference become equivocal Costs to patients were similar in the two arms of the trial