First report of Babesia gibsoni in Central America and survey for vector-borne infections in dogs from Nicaragua

• Published in: Parasites & vectors Vol. 7; no. 1; p. 126
• Main Authors: Wei, Lanjing, Kelly, Patrick, Ackerson, Kate, Zhang, Jilei, El-Mahallawy, Heba S, Kaltenboeck, Bernhard, Wang, Chengming
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: England Springer-Verlag 25.03.2014; BioMed Central Ltd; BioMed Central; BMC
• Subjects: Anaplasma; Anaplasma - genetics; Anaplasma - isolation & purification; Anaplasma platys; Animals; Babesia; Babesia - genetics; Babesia - isolation & purification; Babesia gibsoni; Babesia gibsoni/vogeli; Babesiosis - epidemiology; Babesiosis - parasitology; blood; Coxiella burnetii; Dirofilaria immitis; DNA; DNA, Protozoan - blood; dog diseases; Dog Diseases - epidemiology; Dog Diseases - parasitology; Dogs; Ehrlichia - genetics; Ehrlichia - isolation & purification; Ehrlichia canis; Eucoccidiida - genetics; Eucoccidiida - isolation & purification; Gene Dosage; genes; Hepatozoon canis; Hydroxymethylbilane Synthase - genetics; morbidity; mortality; Nicaragua; Nicaragua - epidemiology; pathogens; people; Polymerase Chain Reaction - veterinary; Prevalence; Protozoan Proteins - genetics; quantitative polymerase chain reaction; Rickettsia - genetics; Rickettsia - isolation & purification; Rickettsia felis; Short Report; surveys; vector-borne diseases; Veterinarians; Veterinary colleges; Zoonoses; Nicaragua; Costa Rica
• ISSN: 1756-3305; 1756-3305
• DOI: 10.1186/1756-3305-7-126

BACKGROUND: Although many vector-borne diseases are important causes of morbidity and mortality in dogs in tropical areas and potential zoonoses, there is little information on these conditions in Central America. METHODS: Seven qPCRs for vector-borne pathogens were performed on a Roche LightCycler PCR Instrument to investigate their prevalence in a convenience sample of whole blood samples from apparently healthy dogs in Nicaragua. Also, a qPCR targeting the canine hydroxymethylbilane synthase (HMBS) gene was used as an endogenous internal control and verified the quality and quantity of DNA in the samples was appropriate for the study. RESULTS: We found DNA of Rickettsia felis (5%), Babesia spp. (26%), Hepatozoon canis (51%), Anaplasma platys (13%) and Ehrlichia canis (56%) in the 39 dogs studied. The qPCRs for Coxiella burnetii and Dirofilaria immitis were negative. Of the 30 (80%) dogs that were positive by qPCR, 12 (31%) were positive for one agent, 11 (28%) for two, 3 (8%) for three, and 4 (10%) for four agents. CONCLUSIONS: This is the first report of B. gibsoni in dogs from Central America and the first recording of vector-borne agents in dogs from Nicaragua. Dogs in Nicaragua are commonly infected with a variety of vector-borne pathogens, some of which may also infect people.