Anti-HIV Activities of Natural Antioxidant Caffeic Acid Derivatives: Toward an Antiviral Supplementation Diet

• Published in: Current medicinal chemistry Vol. 12; no. 15; pp. 1811 - 1818
• Main Authors: BAILLY, Fabrice, COTELLE, Philippe
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Schiphol Bentham Science Publishers Ltd 01.01.2005; Bentham Science
• Subjects: Anti-HIV Agents - pharmacology; Antibiotics. Antiinfectious agents. Antiparasitic agents; Antioxidants; Antioxidants - pharmacokinetics; Antioxidants - pharmacology; Antiretroviral agents; Antiviral agents; Bioavailability; Biological and medical sciences; Biological Availability; Caffeic Acids - pharmacokinetics; Caffeic Acids - pharmacology; Developed countries; Diet; Dietary Supplements; Drug resistance; HIV Infections - drug therapy; HIV Infections - virology; HIV-1 - drug effects; HIV-1 - physiology; Human immunodeficiency virus; Humans; Medical sciences; Pharmacology. Drug treatments; Vegetables; Virus Replication - drug effects; Oxidative stress; Phenolic acid; Retroviridae; AIDS; Supplemented diet; antiviral supplementation; Bioavailability; Antioxidant; Metabolism; Lentivirus; Biological activity; Virus; Ester; caffeic acid derivatives; HIV; Carboxylic acid; Cinnamic acid derivatives; Antiviral; Human immunodeficiency virus; Pharmacokinetics; natural antioxidants
• ISSN: 0929-8673; 1875-533X
• DOI: 10.2174/0929867054367239

Since 1996, highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) was designed to rapidly control HIV replication. It has had a significant impact on patient health and progression of AIDS in developed countries, but its success has not been complete. HAART strategy still suffers from issues of patient compliance, cost, deleterious side effects and emerging drug resistance. Therefore, expansion of novel anti-HIV drugs and targets will be critical in the coming years. In this context, discovering anti-HIV agents from natural sources and particularly from plants, may highlight the principle of a nutritional antioxidant antiretroviral diet. In this paper, we review the putative anti-HIV activity of simple caffeic acid derivatives, together with their antioxidant properties. Toxicity, metabolism and bioavailability, when known, will also be detailed. Wellknown caffeic acid derivatives, such as chicoric, rosmarinic and lithospermic acids, may be designed as future leads multitarget anti-HIV compounds and the plants and vegetables containing them as potent nutritional therapeutic supplementation source. They are not expected to replace the actual antiretroviral therapy, but more likely, to complete and perhaps lighten it by adapted diet.