Hypokalemia: a clinical update
Hypokalemia is a common electrolyte disturbance, especially in hospitalized patients. It can have various causes, including endocrine ones. Sometimes, hypokalemia requires urgent medical attention. The aim of this review is to present updated information regarding: (1) the definition and prevalence...
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| Published in | Endocrine Connections Vol. 7; no. 4; pp. R135 - R146 |
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| Main Authors | , , , , , |
| Format | Journal Article |
| Language | English |
| Published |
England
Bioscientifica Ltd
01.04.2018
Bioscientifica |
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| Online Access | Get full text |
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| Abstract | Hypokalemia is a common electrolyte disturbance, especially in hospitalized patients. It can have various causes, including endocrine ones. Sometimes, hypokalemia requires urgent medical attention. The aim of this review is to present updated information regarding: (1) the definition and prevalence of hypokalemia, (2) the physiology of potassium homeostasis, (3) the various causes leading to hypokalemia, (4) the diagnostic steps for the assessment of hypokalemia and (5) the appropriate treatment of hypokalemia depending on the cause. Practical algorithms for the optimal diagnostic, treatment and follow-up strategy are presented, while an individualized approach is emphasized. |
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| AbstractList | Hypokalemia is a common electrolyte disturbance, especially in hospitalized patients. It can have various causes, including endocrine ones. Sometimes, hypokalemia requires urgent medical attention. The aim of this review is to present updated information regarding: (1) the definition and prevalence of hypokalemia, (2) the physiology of potassium homeostasis, (3) the various causes leading to hypokalemia, (4) the diagnostic steps for the assessment of hypokalemia and (5) the appropriate treatment of hypokalemia depending on the cause. Practical algorithms for the optimal diagnostic, treatment and follow-up strategy are presented, while an individualized approach is emphasized. Hypokalemia is a common electrolyte disturbance, especially in hospitalized patients. It can have various causes, including endocrine ones. Sometimes, hypokalemia requires urgent medical attention. The aim of this review is to present updated information regarding: (1) the definition and prevalence of hypokalemia, (2) the physiology of potassium homeostasis, (3) the various causes leading to hypokalemia, (4) the diagnostic steps for the assessment of hypokalemia and (5) the appropriate treatment of hypokalemia depending on the cause. Practical algorithms for the optimal diagnostic, treatment and follow-up strategy are presented, while an individualized approach is emphasized.Hypokalemia is a common electrolyte disturbance, especially in hospitalized patients. It can have various causes, including endocrine ones. Sometimes, hypokalemia requires urgent medical attention. The aim of this review is to present updated information regarding: (1) the definition and prevalence of hypokalemia, (2) the physiology of potassium homeostasis, (3) the various causes leading to hypokalemia, (4) the diagnostic steps for the assessment of hypokalemia and (5) the appropriate treatment of hypokalemia depending on the cause. Practical algorithms for the optimal diagnostic, treatment and follow-up strategy are presented, while an individualized approach is emphasized. |
| Author | Kardalas, Efstratios Muscogiuri, Giovanna Vryonidou, Andromachi Paschou, Stavroula A Siasos, Gerasimos Anagnostis, Panagiotis |
| AuthorAffiliation | Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Evangelismos Hospital, Athens, Greece Division of Endocrinology, Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, ‘Federico II’ University of Naples, Naples, Italy First Department of Cardiology, Hippokration Hospital, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece Unit of Reproductive Endocrinology, First Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical School, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Hellenic Red Cross Hospital, Athens, Greece Division of Endocrinology and Diabetes, ‘Aghia Sophia’ Hospital, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece |
| AuthorAffiliation_xml | – name: Unit of Reproductive Endocrinology, First Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical School, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece – name: Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Hellenic Red Cross Hospital, Athens, Greece – name: Division of Endocrinology and Diabetes, ‘Aghia Sophia’ Hospital, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece – name: Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Evangelismos Hospital, Athens, Greece – name: Division of Endocrinology, Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, ‘Federico II’ University of Naples, Naples, Italy – name: First Department of Cardiology, Hippokration Hospital, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece |
| Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: Efstratios surname: Kardalas fullname: Kardalas, Efstratios organization: Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Evangelismos Hospital, Athens, Greece – sequence: 2 givenname: Stavroula A surname: Paschou fullname: Paschou, Stavroula A organization: Division of Endocrinology and Diabetes, ‘Aghia Sophia’ Hospital, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece – sequence: 3 givenname: Panagiotis surname: Anagnostis fullname: Anagnostis, Panagiotis organization: Unit of Reproductive Endocrinology, First Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical School, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece – sequence: 4 givenname: Giovanna surname: Muscogiuri fullname: Muscogiuri, Giovanna organization: Division of Endocrinology, Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, ‘Federico II’ University of Naples, Naples, Italy – sequence: 5 givenname: Gerasimos surname: Siasos fullname: Siasos, Gerasimos organization: First Department of Cardiology, Hippokration Hospital, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece – sequence: 6 givenname: Andromachi surname: Vryonidou fullname: Vryonidou, Andromachi email: mahi_vr@hotmail.com organization: Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Hellenic Red Cross Hospital, Athens, Greece |
| BackLink | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29540487$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed |
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| Title | Hypokalemia: a clinical update |
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