Hypokalemia: a clinical update

Hypokalemia is a common electrolyte disturbance, especially in hospitalized patients. It can have various causes, including endocrine ones. Sometimes, hypokalemia requires urgent medical attention. The aim of this review is to present updated information regarding: (1) the definition and prevalence...

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Published inEndocrine Connections Vol. 7; no. 4; pp. R135 - R146
Main Authors Kardalas, Efstratios, Paschou, Stavroula A, Anagnostis, Panagiotis, Muscogiuri, Giovanna, Siasos, Gerasimos, Vryonidou, Andromachi
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published England Bioscientifica Ltd 01.04.2018
Bioscientifica
Subjects
acid–base status
adrenal
Editor's Choice
electrolytes
hypokalemia
kidneys
potassium
Review
acid–base status
hypokalemia
potassium
kidneys
adrenal
electrolytes
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Summary:Hypokalemia is a common electrolyte disturbance, especially in hospitalized patients. It can have various causes, including endocrine ones. Sometimes, hypokalemia requires urgent medical attention. The aim of this review is to present updated information regarding: (1) the definition and prevalence of hypokalemia, (2) the physiology of potassium homeostasis, (3) the various causes leading to hypokalemia, (4) the diagnostic steps for the assessment of hypokalemia and (5) the appropriate treatment of hypokalemia depending on the cause. Practical algorithms for the optimal diagnostic, treatment and follow-up strategy are presented, while an individualized approach is emphasized.
Bibliography:ObjectType-Article-1
SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1
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ISSN:2049-3614
2049-3614
DOI:10.1530/EC-18-0109