Phospholipase D (PLD) is Present in Leishmania donovani and its Activity Increases in Response to Acute Osmotic Stress

We report here that the signaling molecule phospholipase D (PLD) is present in the parasitic protozoan Leishmania donovani. In vitro enzymatic activity is dependent on Ca2+ and Mg2+ ions, its basal activity is stimulated by phosphatidyl-inositol-4,5-bisphosphate (PIP2), and its pH optima are pH 8.0...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Published inThe Journal of eukaryotic microbiology Vol. 48; no. 1; pp. 102 - 110
Main Authors BLUM, J. JOSEPH, LEHMAN, JASON A, HORN, JEFF M, GOMEZ-CAMBRONERO, JULIAN
Format Journal Article Conference Proceeding
LanguageEnglish
Published Oxford, UK Blackwell Publishing Ltd 01.01.2001
Blackwell
Subjects
Online AccessGet full text

Cover

Loading…
More Information
Summary:We report here that the signaling molecule phospholipase D (PLD) is present in the parasitic protozoan Leishmania donovani. In vitro enzymatic activity is dependent on Ca2+ and Mg2+ ions, its basal activity is stimulated by phosphatidyl-inositol-4,5-bisphosphate (PIP2), and its pH optima are pH 8.0 and pH 6.0. PLD activity increases 3-fold about 5 min after an abrupt decrease in osmolality from 317 mOsm (isosmotic) to 155 mOsm and increases 1.5-fold in response to an abrupt increase in osmolality to 617 mOsM. Cells grown for > 24 h under the anisosmotic conditions showed only marginal changes in activity compared to the controls grown under isosmotic conditions, indicating an adaptation to long-term exposure to hypo- or hyper-osmolarity. Immunologically, two isoforms, PLD1 and PLD2, are present. An analysis of in vitro PLD activity in anti-PLD immunocomplexes revealed that either hypotonic (cell swelling) or hypertonic stress (cell shrinking) causes an increase in PLD1 activation but a reduction in PLD2 activity. The interplay between these two isoforms results in a predominance for PLD1 in the observed increase when measuring total PLD activity. Finally, the increase in enzymatic activity in acute hyposmotic shock is accompanied by tyrosyl phosphorylation of the PLD1 isoform, suggesting a role for protein tyrosine kinase in the control of PLD activity in response to osmotic stress.
Bibliography:ArticleID:JEU102
ark:/67375/WNG-XQG1ZQF3-Q
istex:E2924676A0A3BAC6BDE2DFEB807CE8F53CE1F91B
ObjectType-Article-1
SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1
ObjectType-Feature-2
content type line 23
ISSN:1066-5234
1550-7408
DOI:10.1111/j.1550-7408.2001.tb00421.x