Behavioral Response of the Tropical Bed Bug, Cimex hemipterus (Hemiptera: Cimicidae) to Carbon Dioxide

• Published in: Journal of economic entomology Vol. 114; no. 5; pp. 2198 - 2203
• Main Authors: Zhang, Jingsheng, Liang, Qiling, Xia, Yanwei, Kong, Delong, Wang, Changlu, Mo, Shujie, He, Yurong, Wang, Desen
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: US Entomological Society of America 01.10.2021; Oxford University Press
• Subjects: Animal behavior; Antennae; behavioral ecology; Carbon dioxide; Cimex hemipterus; Cimex lectularius; Cimicidae; Computer industry; entomology; Exploratory behavior; Hemiptera; HOUSEHOLD AND STRUCTURAL INSECTS; Insects; Management tools; Mouthparts; Olfactory stimuli; Pitfall traps; United States; China; carbon dioxide; behavioral ecology
• ISSN: 0022-0493; 1938-291X; 1938-291X
• DOI: 10.1093/jee/toab159

Bed bugs (Cimex spp.) (Hemiptera: Cimicidae) are obligatory blood-sucking insects. Research on their behavioral response to host-derived olfactory cues will be helpful for designing more effective management tools. However, previous studies mainly focused on Cimex lectularius L., while the related studies on Cimex hemipterus (F.) have been rarely reported. In this study, we evaluated the behavioral responses of C. hemipterus to one of the crucial host-derived cues – carbon dioxide (CO2), at various concentrations. Pitfall traps baited with CO2 captured significantly more C. hemipterus (72%) than unbaited ones (28%). In the Y-tube test, bed bugs' exploratory activity (response rate) gradually decreased (from 70 to 27%) as the CO2 concentration increased (from 0.9 to 14.5%); and bed bugs exhibited a significant attraction to CO2 when the tested CO2 concentrations were between 0.9 and 7.3%. Cimex hemipterus were no longer attracted to CO2 after their antennae or mouthparts or both antennae and mouthparts were removed. In conclusion, C. hemipterus are attracted to CO2, and both antennae and mouthparts are important for CO2 perception.