Rapid Identification and Molecular Characterization of Phytoene Desaturase Mutations in Fluridone-Resistant Hydrilla (Hydrilla verticillata)

• Published in: Weed science Vol. 61; no. 1; pp. 32 - 40
• Main Authors: Benoit, Lori K., Les, Donald H.
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: 810 East 10th Street, Lawrence, KS 66044-8897 Weed Science Society of America 01.01.2013; Cambridge University Press
• Subjects: Alleles; Aquatic weed; Biological and medical sciences; Chemical control; Chlorophyll; Cloning; Codons; Deoxyribonucleic acid; DNA; Drinking water; Environmental protection; fluridone; Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology; Genetic diversity; Genetic mutation; Genotypes; Haplotypes; Herbicide resistance; Herbicides; heterozygosity; Hydrilla verticillata; invasive species; lakes; Methods; Mutation; Parasitic plants. Weeds; PHYSIOLOGY, CHEMISTRY, AND BIOCHEMISTRY; phytoene desaturase gene; Phytopathology. Animal pests. Plant and forest protection; Plants; Polymerase chain reaction; polymerase chain reaction PCR; sequencing; weed science; Weeds; Florida; Georgia; United States > US; California; USA, Georgia, Seminole L; USA, Georgia; USA, Florida; phytoene desaturase gene; hydrilla, Hydrilla verticillata (L.f.) Royle HYLLI; Fluridone; Aquatic weed; polymerase chain reaction PCR; herbicide resistance; invasive species; cloning; sequencing; Monocotyledones; Identification; Characterization; Molecular parameter; Gene; Weed science; Angiospermae; Pigments; Aquatic plant; Pesticide resistance; Sequencing; Organic compounds; Terpenoid; Pyridone derivatives; Enzyme; Pesticides; Hydrocharitaceae; Isoprenoid; Herbicide; Polymerase chain reaction; Invasive species; Sensitivity resistance; Metabolic precursor; Spermatophyta; Mutation; Oxidoreductases; Carotenoid; Molecular domain
• ISSN: 0043-1745; 1550-2759
• DOI: 10.1614/WS-D-12-00018.1

Florida hydrilla populations have shown an alarming increase in resistance to fluridone, an herbicide used extensively for controlling invasive US hydrilla populations. A rapid PCR and sequencing method was developed to identify and screen hydrilla genomic DNA for three previously identified phytoene desaturase (pds) gene mutations that confer resistance to fluridone. Ninety hydrilla accessions were screened for fluridone resistant genotypes including 46 accessions from the US and 44 accessions from 15 other countries. In Florida, hydrilla from five of nine sites tested was heterozygous for wild-type and herbicide-resistant alleles. Additionally, a new resistant population was identified from Lake Seminole in Georgia, the first genetically confirmed strain of resistant hydrilla outside of Florida. All resistance-conferring mutations were located on the same homologous haplotype of US dioecious hydrilla. All other hydrilla samples tested possessed only wild type alleles, including monoecious strains that had been exposed to fluridone. Management implications are discussed. Nomenclature: Fluridone; hydrilla, Hydrilla verticillata (L.f.) Royle HYLLI.