Interactions of synthetic estrogens with human estrogen receptors

• Published in: Journal of endocrinology Vol. 170; no. 1; pp. 137 - 145
• Main Authors: Nikov, GN, Eshete, M, Rajnarayanan, RV, Alworth, WL
• Format: Journal Article Conference Proceeding
• Language: English
• Published: Colchester BioScientifica 01.07.2001; Portland Press
• Subjects: Adamantane - analogs & derivatives; Adamantane - metabolism; Binding, Competitive; Biological and medical sciences; Cell receptors; Cell structures and functions; Diethylstilbestrol - chemistry; Diethylstilbestrol - metabolism; Estradiol - chemistry; Estradiol - metabolism; Estradiol Congeners - metabolism; Estrogen Receptor alpha; Estrogen Receptor beta; Fluorescence Polarization; Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology; Hormone receptors. Growth factor receptors. Cytokine receptors. Prostaglandin receptors; Humans; In Vitro Techniques; Models, Molecular; Molecular and cellular biology; Phenols - metabolism; Protein Binding; Receptors, Estrogen - metabolism; Tamoxifen - analogs & derivatives; Tamoxifen - chemistry; Tamoxifen - metabolism; Human; Ligand binding; Synthetic product; Estrogen; Binding site; Sex steroid hormone; Ovarian hormone; Xenobiotic; Hormonal receptor
• ISSN: 0022-0795; 1479-6805
• DOI: 10.1677/joe.0.1700137

Synthetic estrogens have diverse chemical structures and may either positively or negatively affect the estrogenic signaling pathways through interactions with the estrogen receptors (ERs). Modeling studies suggest that 4-(1-adamantyl)phenol (AdP) and 4,4'-(1,3-adamantanediyl)diphenol (AdDP) can bind in the ligand binding site of ERalpha. We used fluorescence polarization (FP) to compare the binding affinities of AdP, AdDP and 2-(1-adamantyl)-4-methylphenol (AdMP) for human ERalpha and ERbeta with the binding affinities of the known ER ligands, diethylstilbestrol (DES) and 4hydroxytamoxifen (4OHT). Competition binding experiments show that AdDP has greater affinity for both ERs than does AdP, while AdMP does not bind the receptor proteins. The relative binding affinities of AdDP and AdP are weaker than the affinity of DES or 4OHT for both ERs with the exception of AdDP, which binds ERbeta with higher affinity than does 4OHT. We also found that AdDP and AdP cause differential conformational changes in ERalpha and ERbeta, which result in altered affinities of the ERs for fluorescein-labeled estrogen response elements (EREs) using a direct binding FP assay. The results show that ERbeta liganded with either AdDP or AdP has greater affinity for human pS2 ERE than the ERbeta-4OHT complex. The data suggest that synthetic molecules like adamantanes may function as biologically active ligands for human ERs. This demonstrates the importance of considering the potential of novel classes of synthetic compounds as selective ER modulators.