A Comparison of the Anti-Cancer Effects of Free and PLGA-PAA Encapsulated Hydroxytyrosol on the HT-29 Colorectal Cancer Cell Line

• Published in: Anti-cancer agents in medicinal chemistry Vol. 22; no. 2; p. 390
• Main Authors: Sani, Nasrin S, Onsori, Habib, Akrami, Somayeh, Rahmati, Mohammad
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Netherlands 2022
• Subjects: Acrylic Resins - chemistry; Acrylic Resins - pharmacology; Antineoplastic Agents - chemistry; Antineoplastic Agents - pharmacology; Capsules; Cell Proliferation - drug effects; Cell Survival - drug effects; Cyclin D1 - antagonists & inhibitors; Cyclin D1 - genetics; Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p21 - genetics; Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p27 - genetics; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Screening Assays, Antitumor; HT29 Cells; Humans; Nanoparticles - chemistry; Phenylethyl Alcohol - analogs & derivatives; Phenylethyl Alcohol - chemistry; Phenylethyl Alcohol - pharmacology; Polyesters - chemistry; Polyesters - pharmacology; Polyglycolic Acid - chemistry; Polyglycolic Acid - pharmacology; Structure-Activity Relationship; Tumor Cells, Cultured; CDKN1A; CDKN1B; CCND1; PLGA-PAA copolymer; HT-29; Colorectal cancer; hydroxytyrosol
• ISSN: 1875-5992
• DOI: 10.2174/1871520621666210308095712

Hydroxytyrosol is one of the phenolic compounds of olive oil and can induce anticancer effects on colorectal cancer cells. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the free hydroxytyrosol and nano-capsulated hydroxytyrosol effects on the cell cycle arrest in HT-29 colorectal cancer cell line. The nano-capsulated hydroxytyrosol was synthesized in poly lactide-co-glycolide-co-polyacrylic acid (PLGA-PAA) copolymer. MTT assay was performed to evaluate the anti-proliferative and anti-tumor effects of the free hydroxytyrosol and nano-capsulated hydroxytyrosol. Finally, the relative expression of CDKN1A, CDKN1B, and CCND1 genes was evaluated in control and treated colorectal cancer cells by using Real-Time PCR. The obtained results from the MTT assay showed that the cytotoxic effects of the nano-capsulated hydroxytyrosol on the colorectal cancer cell line (IC50= 6PPM) were significantly more than free hydroxytyrosol (IC50= 12PPM) after 72h. Also, nano-capsulated hydroxytyrosol showed more significant effects on the upregulation of CDKN1A and CDKN1B genes and down-regulation of the CCND1 gene in colorectal cancer cells. In conclusion, the present study showed that hydroxytyrosol led to the death of colorectal cancer cells through cell cycle arrest. Also, the PLGA-PAA copolymer dramatically caused to increase the cytotoxic effects of the hydroxytyrosol on the colorectal cancer cells.