Exploring Cytokines as Potential Target in Peptic Ulcer Disease: A Systematic Update

Peptic ulcer disease (PUD) is a widespread condition that affects millions of people each year, with an incidence rate of 0.1%-1.5%, and has a significant impact on human health. A range of stimuli, such as Helicobacter pylori, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, hyperacidity, stress, alcohol, sm...

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Published inEndocrine, metabolic & immune disorders drug targets Vol. 23; no. 1; p. 21
Main Authors Ansari, Alveera Zubair, Bhatia, Nirav Yogesh, Gharat, Sankalp Ashok, Godad, Angel Pavalu, Doshi, Gaurav Mahesh
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published United Arab Emirates 01.01.2023
Subjects
Cytokines
Helicobacter Infections - drug therapy
Helicobacter Infections - epidemiology
Helicobacter pylori
Humans
Interleukins - genetics
Peptic Ulcer - drug therapy
Peptic Ulcer - epidemiology
Peptic Ulcer - etiology
Smoking
cytokines
Peptic ulcer disease
Helicobacter pylori
inflammation
gastritis
host immunity
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Summary:Peptic ulcer disease (PUD) is a widespread condition that affects millions of people each year, with an incidence rate of 0.1%-1.5%, and has a significant impact on human health. A range of stimuli, such as Helicobacter pylori, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, hyperacidity, stress, alcohol, smoking, and idiopathic disease states, can produce a sore in the gastrointestinal mucosal layer. For individuals infected with H. pylori, 2%-3% remain asymptomatic throughout their life. Although PUD treatments are available, genetic variations occurring in individuals because of geographical dissimilarity and antibiotic resistance pose limitations. Specifically, inflammatory cytokine gene polymorphisms have received immense attention in recent years because they appear to affect the severity and duration of stomach inflammation, which is induced by H. pylori infection, contributing to the initiation of PUD. In such a context, in-depth knowledge of interleukins may aid in the discovery of new targets and provide precautionary approaches for the treatment of PUD. This review aims to give insights into the importance of several interleukins that cognate with PUD and contribute to ulcer progression or healing by activating or dampening the host immunity. Furthermore, the available targets with clinical evidence have been explored in this review.
ISSN:2212-3873
DOI:10.2174/1871530322666220829142124