Systematic Review of the Association of the Hospital Frailty Risk Score with Mortality in Patients with Cerebrovascular and Cardiovascular Disease

• Published in: Current cardiology reviews Vol. 20; no. 3; p. 45
• Main Authors: Sokhal, Balamrit Singh, Menon, Sowmya Prasanna Kumar, Willes, Charles, Corp, Nadia, Matetić, Andrija, Mallen, Christian, Mamas, Mamas
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: United Arab Emirates Bentham Science Publishers 01.01.2024; Benham Science Publishers
• Subjects: Cardiovascular disease; Cardiovascular diseases; Cardiovascular Diseases - mortality; Cerebral infarction; Cerebrovascular diseases; Cerebrovascular Disorders - mortality; Congestive heart failure; Frailty; Frailty - mortality; Heart diseases; Hospital Mortality; Hospitals; Humans; Hypertension; Hypotension; Ischemia; Mortality; Myocardial infarction; Observational studies; Patients; Risk; Risk Assessment - methods; Risk Factors; Systematic review; cardiovascular disease; atrial fibrillation; cerebrovascular disease; hospital frailty risk score; mortality; Frailty; systematic review
• ISSN: 1573-403X; 1875-6557; 1875-6557
• DOI: 10.2174/011573403X276647240217112151

Background: There is limited systematic data on the association between the Hospital Frailty Risk Score (HFRS) and characteristics and mortality in patients with cerebrovascular and cardiovascular disease (CVD). This systematic review aimed to summarise the use of the HFRS in describing the prevalence of frailty in patients with CVD, the clinical characteristics of patients with CVD, and the association between frailty on the likelihood of mortality in patients with CVD. Methods: A systematic literature search for observational studies using terms related to CVD, cerebrovascular disease, and the HFRS was conducted using 6 databases in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines. Studies were appraised using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS). Results: Seventeen observational studies were included, all rated 'good' quality according to the NOS. One study investigated 5 different CVD cohorts (atrial fibrillation (AF), heart failure (HF), hypotension, hypertension, and chronic ischemic heart disease), 1 study investigated 2 different CVD cohorts (AF and acute myocardial infarction (AMI)), 6 studies investigated HF, 3 studies investigated AMI, 4 studies investigated stroke, 1 study investigated AF, and 1 study investigated cardiac arrest. Increasing frailty risk category was associated with increased age, female sex, and non-white racial group across all CVD. Increasing frailty risk category is also associated with increased length of hospital stay, total costs, and increased odds of 30-day all-cause mortality across all CVD. Conclusions: The HFRS is an efficient and effective tool for stratifying frailty in patients with CVD and predicting adverse health outcomes.