Orbital apex venous cavernous malformation with optic neuropathy: treatment with multisession gamma knife radiosurgery

• Published in: British journal of ophthalmology Vol. 103; no. 10; pp. 1453 - 1459
• Main Authors: Young, Stephanie Ming, Kim, Kyung Hwan, Kim, Yoon-Duck, Lang, Stephanie S, Park, Ji Woong, Woo, Kyung In, Lee, Jung-Il
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: England BMJ Publishing Group LTD 01.10.2019
• Subjects: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Child; Drug dosages; Endoscopy; Female; Hemangioma; Hemangioma, Cavernous - diagnostic imaging; Hemangioma, Cavernous - pathology; Hemangioma, Cavernous - radiotherapy; Humans; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Male; Middle Aged; Neurosurgery; NMR; Nuclear magnetic resonance; Optic nerve; Optic Nerve Diseases - diagnostic imaging; Optic Nerve Diseases - pathology; Optic Nerve Diseases - radiotherapy; Orbital Neoplasms - diagnostic imaging; Orbital Neoplasms - pathology; Orbital Neoplasms - radiotherapy; Patients; Radiation therapy; Radiosurgery - methods; Retrospective Studies; Sinuses; Surgery; Tumors; Visual Acuity - physiology; Visual Fields - physiology; Young Adult; South Korea; cavernous hemangioma; optic neuropathy; orbit; radiosurgery; gamma knife; venous cavernous malformation
• ISSN: 0007-1161; 1468-2079
• DOI: 10.1136/bjophthalmol-2018-312893

PurposeTo evaluate the efficacy and safety of multisession gamma knife radiosurgery (GKRS) for orbital apex venous cavernous malformation causing optic neuropathy.MethodsRetrospective cohort study in a single tertiary institution from January 2007 to December 2016 on patients who underwent multisession GKRS for orbital apex venous cavernous malformations causing optic neuropathy.ResultsThere were 12 patients included in our study. The mean age was 40.2±14.5 years, and men comprised 66.7% (n=8). Decrease in visual acuity (83.3%) was the most common symptom at presentation. The mean clinical follow-up was 28.5 months. Ten (83.3%) of the 12 patients had improvement in best corrected visual acuity. Of the 10 patients with pre-existing relative afferent pupillary defect (RAPD), 6 (60%) had complete resolution of RAPD. Of the 12 patients with visual field defect, 7 (58.3%) had complete resolution, 3 (25%) had partial improvement, while 2 (16.7%) remained unchanged due to optic atrophy from long-standing compressive optic neuropathy. Mean proptosis reduced from 2.3±1.7 mm pre-GKRS to 0.5±1.3 mm post-GKRS (p=0.005). Tumour shrinkage was observed in all patients. The mean tumour volume at the time of GKRS was 3104 mm3 (range 221–8500 mm3), which reduced to 658 mm3 (range 120–3350 mm3) at last follow-up. None of the patients experienced GKRS-related ocular morbidity during the follow-up period.ConclusionMultisession GKRS has shown to be an effective and safe option for the treatment of orbital apex venous cavernous malformations causing optic neuropathy, with significant improvement in ophthalmic outcomes and reduction in tumour volume.