Innate Cellular Immune Responses in Aedes caspius (Diptera: Culicidae) Mosquitoes

Mosquitoes transmit a variety of pathogens that have devastating consequences for global public and veterinary health. Despite their capacity to serve as vectors, these insects have a robust capacity to respond to invading organisms with strong cellular and humoral immune responses. In Egypt, Aedes...

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Published inJournal of medical entomology Vol. 53; no. 2; pp. 262 - 267
Main Authors Soliman, D. E., Farid, H. A., Hammad, R. E., Gad, A. M., Bartholomay, L. C.
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published England Entomological Society of America 01.03.2016
Oxford University Press
Subjects
Aedes - immunology
Aedes caspius
Animals
Aquatic insects
ARTHROPOD/HOST INTERACTION, IMMUNITY
Bacterial Infections - immunology
Cellular biology
cellular immune response
Female
hemocyte
Hemocytes - cytology
Hemocytes - physiology
Immune system
Immunity, Cellular
Immunity, Innate
Latex
Microscopic analysis
Mosquitoes
Phagocytosis
Vector-borne diseases
cellular immune response
hemocyte
phagocytosis
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Summary:Mosquitoes transmit a variety of pathogens that have devastating consequences for global public and veterinary health. Despite their capacity to serve as vectors, these insects have a robust capacity to respond to invading organisms with strong cellular and humoral immune responses. In Egypt, Aedes caspius (Pallas, 1771) has been suspected to act as a bridge vector of Rift Valley Fever virus between animals and humans. Microscopic analysis of Ae. caspius hemolymph revealed the presence of phagocytic cells called granulocytes. We further evaluated cellular immune responses produced by Ae. caspius as a result of exposure to a Gram-negative, and Gram-positive bacterium, and to latex beads. After challenge, a rapid and strong phagocytic response against either a natural or synthetic invader was evident. Hemocyte integrity in bacteria-inoculated mosquitoes was not morphologically affected. The number of circulating granulocytes decreased with age, reducing the overall phagocytic capacity of mosquitoes over time. The magnitude and speed of the phagocytic response suggested that granulocytes act as an important force in the battle against foreign invaders, as has been characterized in other important mosquito vector species.
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ISSN:0022-2585
1938-2928
DOI:10.1093/jme/tjv245