SARS-CoV-2 infection severity is linked to superior humoral immunity against the spike

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is currently causing a global pandemic. The antigen specificity and kinetics of the antibody response mounted against this novel virus are not understood in detail. Here, we report that subjects with a more severe SARS-CoV-2 infection exhi...

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Published inbioRxiv
Main Authors Guthmiller, Jenna J, Stovicek, Olivia, Wang, Jiaolong, Changrob, Siriruk, Li, Lei, Halfmann, Peter, Zheng, Nai-Ying, Utset, Henry, Stamper, Christopher T, Dugan, Haley L, Miller, William D, Huang, Min, Dai, Ya-Nan, Nelson, Christopher A, Hall, Paige D, Jansen, Maud, Shanmugarajah, Kumaran, Donington, Jessica S, Krammer, Florian, Fremont, Daved H, Joachimiak, Andrzej, Kawaoka, Yoshihiro, Tesic, Vera, Madariaga, Maria Lucia, Wilson, Patrick C
Format Journal Article Paper
LanguageEnglish
Published United States Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press 13.09.2020
Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory
Edition1.1
Subjects
Antibodies
Antibody response
Antigens
Coronaviruses
Epitopes
Humoral immunity
Immunological memory
Immunology
Infections
Nucleocapsids
Pandemics
Proteins
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2
Structural proteins
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Summary:Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is currently causing a global pandemic. The antigen specificity and kinetics of the antibody response mounted against this novel virus are not understood in detail. Here, we report that subjects with a more severe SARS-CoV-2 infection exhibit a larger antibody response against the spike and nucleocapsid protein and epitope spreading to subdominant viral antigens, such as open reading frame 8 and non-structural proteins. Subjects with a greater antibody response mounted a larger memory B cell response against the spike, but not the nucleocapsid protein. Additionally, we revealed that antibodies against the spike are still capable of binding the D614G spike mutant and cross-react with the SARS-CoV-1 receptor binding domain. Together, this study reveals that subjects with a more severe SARS-CoV-2 infection exhibit a greater overall antibody response to the spike and nucleocapsid protein and a larger memory B cell response against the spike.
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Competing Interest Statement: The authors have declared no competing interest.
ISSN:2692-8205
2692-8205
DOI:10.1101/2020.09.12.294066