Back to back housing, courts, and privies: the slums of 19th century England

Push factors from the rural areas (poverty, disease, changes in agriculture, displacement of peasant farmers) and pull factors from the cities (industrialisation and the growth of Empire) led to huge urban growth in places like Liverpool, Manchester, York, and Birmingham.

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Bibliographic Details
Published inJournal of epidemiology and community health (1979) Vol. 60; no. 8; p. 654
Main Author Ashton, J R
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published London BMJ Publishing Group Ltd 01.08.2006
BMJ
BMJ Publishing Group LTD
BMJ Group
Subjects
19th century
Biological and medical sciences
Gallery
General aspects
Housing
Medical sciences
Miscellaneous
Public health. Hygiene
Public health. Hygiene-occupational medicine
The
England
United Kingdom
Great Britain
Europe
United Kingdom > UK
Medicine
Poverty
Health and environment
Shantytown
Century 19th
History
Housing
Public health
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Summary:Push factors from the rural areas (poverty, disease, changes in agriculture, displacement of peasant farmers) and pull factors from the cities (industrialisation and the growth of Empire) led to huge urban growth in places like Liverpool, Manchester, York, and Birmingham.
Bibliography:local:0600654
Correspondence to:
 Professor J R Ashton
 North West Public Health Team, Department of Health, 18th Floor, Sunley Tower, Piccadilly Plaza, Manchester M1 4BE, UK; johnrashton@blueyonder.co.uk
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ISSN:0143-005X
1470-2738