Surface Modification and Planar Defects of Calcium Carbonates by Magnetic Water Treatment

• Published in: Nanoscale research letters Vol. 5; no. 12; pp. 1982 - 1991
• Main Authors: Liu, C. Z, Lin, C. H, Yeh, M. S, Chao, Y. M, Shen, P
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: United States New York : Springer-Verlag 2010; BioMed Central Ltd; SpringerOpen
• Subjects: Calcium carbonate; Magnetic water treatment; Nanoparticle; nanoparticles; Superstructure; Surface modification; TEM
• ISSN: 1931-7573; 1556-276X; 1556-276X
• DOI: 10.1186/1556-276X-5-1982

Powdery calcium carbonates, predominantly calcite and aragonite, with planar defects and cation-anion mixed surfaces as deposited on low-carbon steel by magnetic water treatment (MWT) were characterized by X-ray diffraction, electron microscopy, and vibration spectroscopy. Calcite were found to form faceted nanoparticles having 3x ( [graphic removed] ) commensurate superstructure and with well-developed { [graphic removed] } and { [graphic removed] } surfaces to exhibit preferred orientations. Aragonite occurred as laths having 3x ( [graphic removed] ) commensurate superstructure and with well-developed ( [graphic removed] ) surface extending along [100] direction up to micrometers in length. The (hkil)-specific coalescence of calcite and rapid lath growth of aragonite under the combined effects of Lorentz force and a precondensation event account for a beneficial larger particulate/colony size for the removal of the carbonate scale from the steel substrate. The coexisting magnetite particles have well-developed {011} surfaces regardless of MWT.