The Chronology and Distribution of Ground Stone Artifacts on Santa Rosa Island, California
Recent research on California's Northern Channel Islands has emphasized the dietary importance of terrestrial resources, but less attention has been paid to the use of ground stone artifacts, which were often used to process plantbased foods. This is in contrast to chipped stone technologies, n...
Saved in:
Published in | Western North American naturalist Vol. 85; no. 2; pp. 141 - 164 |
---|---|
Main Authors | , , |
Format | Journal Article |
Language | English |
Published |
Provo
Brigham Young University
01.07.2025
Western North American Naturalist |
Subjects | |
Online Access | Get full text |
Cover
Loading…
Summary: | Recent research on California's Northern Channel Islands has emphasized the dietary importance of terrestrial resources, but less attention has been paid to the use of ground stone artifacts, which were often used to process plantbased foods. This is in contrast to chipped stone technologies, namely chert microblades/microdrills and early Paleocoastal points, which have been the subject of extensive archaeological research. In this study, we used records of archaeological sites on Santa Rosa Island, a GIS database of site locations, and chronological indicators to compile data about the timing and geographic variation in ground stone abundance across the island. We found that nearly 25% of sites on the island with records contain ground stone, and it remained important from the Middle Holocene (8200–4200 cal BP) until the time of Spanish contact. Overall, interior sites are more likely to contain ground stone than coastal sites, but they have fewer pieces per site on average. Additionally, bowl mortars and pestles are more likely to be noted for sites than metates or grinding stones and manos, although there does not appear to be large chronological variation in the relative frequency of these tool types. By better understanding the chronology and distribution of ground stone on the Northern Channel Islands, it is possible to develop a more complete picture of the role of terrestrial resources in island diet and the nature of population settlement and movement between the coast and interior of the island as social complexity increased during the Late Holocene. Las investigaciones recientes en las Islas Channel del norte de California han enfatizado la importancia dietética de los recursos terrestres, pero se ha prestado menor atención al uso de artefactos de piedra molida, los cuales se utilizaban con frecuencia para procesar alimentos de origen vegetal. Esto contrasta con las tecnologías de piedra tallada, tales como microhojas/microtaladros de sílex y las primeras puntas Paleocosteras, las cuales han sido objeto de extensas investigaciones arqueológicas. En este estudio, utilizamos registros de sitios arqueológicos en la Isla Santa Rosa, una base de datos GIS de las ubicaciones de los sitios e indicadores cronológicos para reunir datos acerca del momento y la variación geográfica en la abundancia de piedra molida en la isla. Encontramos que cerca del 25% de los sitios con registros en la isla contienen piedra molida, y esta siguió siendo importante desde el Holoceno Medio (8200–4200 cal BP) hasta el momento del contacto español. En general, es más probable que los sitios del interior contengan piedra molida que los sitios costeros, aunque en promedio tienen menos piezas por sitio. Adicionalmente, es más probable encontrar en los sitios, morteros de cuenco y pistilos, que metates o piedras y manos para moler, aunque no parece haber una gran variación cronológica en la frecuencia relativa de estos tipos de herramientas. Al comprender mejor la cronología y la distribución de la piedra molida en las Islas Channel del Norte, es posible desarrollar una imagen más completa sobre el papel de los recursos terrestres en la dieta insular y sobre la naturaleza del asentamiento y movimiento poblacional entre la costa y el interior de la isla, a medida que aumentaba la complejidad social durante el Holoceno Tardío. |
---|---|
Bibliography: | ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 14 |
ISSN: | 1527-0904 |
DOI: | 10.3398/064.085.0205 |