PROCESSING PROPERTIES OF GRAINS FROM SOME MAIZE CULTIVARS INTRODUCED ON-FARM IN THE SUDANO SAHELIAN ZONE OF CAMEROON
Maize grains from twenty three cultivars developed by research and produced at farm level were evaluated for chemical composition and their ability to produce flour and grit after removal of panicle in wet and dry processes. Sixteen cultivars used for this evaluation were developed by the breeding p...
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Published in | African journal of food, agriculture, nutrition, and development : AJFAND Vol. 7; no. 2; p. np |
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Main Authors | , , |
Format | Journal Article |
Language | English |
Published |
Kenya
Rural Outreach Program
01.01.2007
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Subjects | |
Online Access | Get full text |
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Summary: | Maize grains from twenty three cultivars developed by research and
produced at farm level were evaluated for chemical composition and
their ability to produce flour and grit after removal of panicle in wet
and dry processes. Sixteen cultivars used for this evaluation were
developed by the breeding program of the Institute of Agricultural
Research for Development (IRAD) of Cameroon. The remaining seven
originated from CIMMYT, West and Central Africa Maize Network
(Wecaman), Ghana and Congo. Flour and grits were produced in wet and
dry processes with samples of 10 kg of grains from each cultivars using
available machinery at village level. Wet process of the grains
included the removal of the panicle, soaking for 3 hours, drying on the
mat for 2 hours, milling, drying of the flour and sieving through
different mesh sizes (400 to 800 microns). For the dry milling, whole
or pealed grains were simply processed in a hammer mill and the flour
fractions separated as with wet milling. Results indicated some
variation in the proximate composition with nine cultivars exhibiting
protein contents above 8%. High protein cultivars were in order hybrids
88094X87036, 87036XExp124, Acid soil pool yellow, 88094XM131XExp124,
87084XM131XExp124, Drought pool yellow, Drought pool white, Kassaï
SR, Tuxpeno sequia and BSR 81. PCA analyses revealed that protein and
fat contents as factors accounted for over 80% of intra cultivar
variability related to chemical composition. Four major similarity
groups of cultivars emerged as striga tolerant with high starch
contents, the soft endosperm cultivars, the high fat and high protein
cultivars. Flour and grits yields were cultivar and treatment
dependant. Wet milling produced higher flour yields while grit yields
were higher when dry milling of pealed grains was done for all
cultivars. Cultivars that demonstrated good ability for grit production
were ATP SR-Y, Acid soil pool yellow, Drought pool yellow and the
hybrids. All cultivars exhibited their ability and suitability for
different end uses and this should be taken into account when embarking
on large scale maize production. |
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Bibliography: | ObjectType-Article-2 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-1 content type line 23 |
ISSN: | 1684-5358 1684-5374 |