Quantum Random Access Stored-Program Machines

• Published in: arXiv.org
• Main Authors: Wang, Qisheng, Ying, Mingsheng
• Format: Paper Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Ithaca Cornell University Library, arXiv.org 10.09.2022
• Subjects: Algorithms; Computer Science - Logic in Computer Science; Computer simulation; Physics - Quantum Physics; Polynomials; Random access; Turing machines
• ISSN: 2331-8422
• DOI: 10.48550/arxiv.2003.03514

Random access machines (RAMs) and random access stored-program machines (RASPs) are models of computing that are closer to the architecture of real-world computers than Turing machines (TMs). They are also convenient in complexity analysis of algorithms. The relationships between RAMs, RASPs and TMs are well-studied. However, clear relationships between their quantum counterparts are still missing in the literature. We fill in this gap by formally defining the models of quantum random access machines (QRAMs) and quantum random access stored-program machines (QRASPs) and clarifying the relationships between QRAMs, QRASPs and quantum Turing machines (QTMs). In particular, we show that \(\textbf{P} \subseteq \textbf{EQRAMP} \subseteq \textbf{EQP} \subseteq \textbf{BQP} = \textbf{BQRAMP}\), where \(\textbf{EQRAMP}\) and \(\textbf{BQRAMP}\) stand for the sets of problems that can be solved by polynomial-time QRAMs with certainty and bounded-error, respectively. At the heart of our proof, is a standardisation of QTM with an extended halting scheme, which is of independent interest.