Ecological Structure of Recent and Last Glacial Mammalian Faunas in Northern Eurasia: The Case of Altai-Sayan Refugium

• Published in: PloS one Vol. 9; no. 1; p. e85056
• Main Authors: Pavelková Řičánková, Věra, Robovský, Jan, Riegert, Jan
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: United States Public Library of Science 13.01.2014; Public Library of Science (PLoS)
• Subjects: Alpine environments; Analysis; Animals; Asia; Biology; Biomes; Body size; Climate change; Communities; Desert environments; Deserts; Ecological effects; Ecological monitoring; Ecosystem; Ecosystems; Endangered & extinct species; Environmental conditions; Europe; Fauna; Forests; Geography; Glacial periods; Glaciation; Glaciers; Herbivores; Ice ages; Ice Cover; Mammals; Mammals - classification; Mountains; Pleistocene; Predators; Principal Component Analysis; Principal components analysis; Science; Species; Species classification; Species Specificity; Steppes; Taiga; Taxonomy; Temperate forests; Time Factors; Tundra; Tundra ecology; Zoology; Asia; Europe; Eurasia; Czech Republic
• ISSN: 1932-6203; 1932-6203
• DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0085056

Pleistocene mammalian communities display unique features which differ from present-day faunas. The paleocommunities were characterized by the extraordinarily large body size of herbivores and predators and by their unique structure consisting of species now inhabiting geographically and ecologically distinct natural zones. These features were probably the result of the unique environmental conditions of ice age ecosystems. To analyze the ecological structure of Last Glacial and Recent mammal communities we classified the species into biome and trophic-size categories, using Principal Component analysis. We found a marked similarity in ecological structure between Recent eastern Altai-Sayan mammalian assemblages and comparable Pleistocene faunas. The composition of Last Glacial and Recent eastern Altai-Sayan assemblages were characterized by the occurrence of large herbivore and predator species associated with steppe, desert and alpine biomes. These three modern biomes harbor most of the surviving Pleistocene mammals. None of the analyzed Palearctic Last Glacial faunas showed affinity to the temperate forest, taiga, or tundra biome. The Eastern part of the Altai-Sayan region could be considered a refugium of the Last Glacial-like mammalian assemblages. Glacial fauna seems to persist up to present in those areas where the forest belt does not separate alpine vegetation from the steppes and deserts.