Chip-scale generation of 60-mode continuous-variable cluster states

• Main Authors: Wang, Ze, Li, Kangkang, Wang, Yue, Zhou, Xin, Cheng, Yinke, Jing, Boxuan, Sun, Fengxiao, Li, Jincheng, Li, Zhilin, Gong, Qihuang, He, Qiongyi, Li, Bei-Bei, Yang, Qi-Fan
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: 15.06.2024
• Subjects: Physics - Optics; Physics - Quantum Physics
• DOI: 10.48550/arxiv.2406.10715

Increasing the number of entangled entities is crucial for achieving exponential computational speedups and secure quantum networks. Despite recent progress in generating large-scale entanglement through continuous-variable (CV) cluster states, translating these technologies to photonic chips has been hindered by decoherence, limiting the number of entangled entities to 8. Here, we demonstrate 60-mode CVcluster states in a chip-based optical microresonator pumped by chromatic lasers. Resonantly-enhanced four-wave mixing processes establish entanglement between equidistant spectral quantum modes (qumodes), forming a quantum analogue of optical frequency combs. Decoherence is minimized to achieve unprecedented two-mode raw squeezing (>3 dB) from a chip. Using bichromatic and trichromatic pump lasers, we realize one- and two-dimensional cluster states with up to 60 qumodes. Our work provides a compact and scalable platform for constructing large-scale entangled quantum resources, which are appealing for performing computational and communicational tasks with quantum advantages.