Near-field Integrated Sensing and Communication: Opportunities and Challenges

• Main Authors: Cong, Jiayi, You, Changsheng, Li, Jiapeng, Chen, Li, Zheng, Beixiong, Liu, Yuanwei, Wu, Wen, Gong, Yi, Jin, Shi, Zhang, Rui
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: 02.10.2023
• Subjects: Computer Science - Information Theory; Mathematics - Information Theory
• DOI: 10.48550/arxiv.2310.01342

With the extremely large-scale array XL-array deployed in future wireless systems, wireless communication and sensing are expected to operate in the radiative near-field region, which needs to be characterized by the spherical rather than planar wavefronts. Unlike most existing works that considered far-field integrated sensing and communication (ISAC), we study in this article the new near-field ISAC, which integrates both functions of sensing and communication in the near-field region. To this end, we first discuss the appealing advantages of near-field communication and sensing over their far-field counterparts, respectively. Then, we introduce three approaches for near-field ISAC, including joint near-field communication and sensing, sensing-assisted near-field communication, and communication-assisted near-field sensing. We discuss their individual research opportunities, new design issues, as well as propose promising solutions. Finally, several important directions in near-field ISAC are also highlighted to motivate future work.