Plant Vacuoles

Plant vacuoles are multifunctional organelles. On the one hand, most vegetative tissues develop lytic vacuoles that have a role in degradation. On the other hand, seed cells have two types of storage vacuoles: protein storage vacuoles (PSVs) in endosperm and embryonic cells and metabolite storage va...

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Published inAnnual review of plant biology Vol. 69; no. 1; pp. 123 - 145
Main Authors Shimada, Tomoo, Takagi, Junpei, Ichino, Takuji, Shirakawa, Makoto, Hara-Nishimura, Ikuko
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published United States Annual Reviews 29.04.2018
Annual Reviews, Inc
Subjects
Apoptosis
Biodegradation
Cell death
Chemical attack
Chemical defense
Endoplasmic reticulum
Endosperm
Flowers & plants
Golgi apparatus
Golgi-independent pathway
Herbivores
lytic vacuole
metabolite storage vacuole
Metabolites
Organelles
Organic chemistry
Pathogens
Plasma
Plasma membranes
protein storage vacuole
Proteins
Seed coats
vacuolar defense
vacuolar processing enzyme
vacuolar sorting receptor
Vacuoles
VPE
VSR
VSR
metabolite storage vacuole
vacuolar sorting receptor
lytic vacuole
Golgi-independent pathway
vacuolar processing enzyme
VPE
protein storage vacuole
vacuolar defense
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Summary:Plant vacuoles are multifunctional organelles. On the one hand, most vegetative tissues develop lytic vacuoles that have a role in degradation. On the other hand, seed cells have two types of storage vacuoles: protein storage vacuoles (PSVs) in endosperm and embryonic cells and metabolite storage vacuoles in seed coats. Vacuolar proteins and metabolites are synthesized on the endoplasmic reticulum and then transported to the vacuoles via Golgi-dependent and Golgi-independent pathways. Proprotein precursors delivered to the vacuoles are converted into their respective mature forms by vacuolar processing enzyme, which also regulates various kinds of programmed cell death in plants. We summarize two types of vacuolar membrane dynamics that occur during defense responses: vacuolar membrane collapse to attack viral pathogens and fusion of vacuolar and plasma membranes to attack bacterial pathogens. We also describe the chemical defense against herbivores brought about by the presence of PSVs in the idioblast myrosin cell.
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ISSN:1543-5008
1545-2123
DOI:10.1146/annurev-arplant-042817-040508