Charge-dependent directed flows in heavy-ion collisions by Boltzmann-Maxwell equations

• Published in: arXiv.org
• Main Authors: Jun-Jie, Zhang, Xin-Li, Sheng, Shi, Pu, Jian-Nan, Chen, Guo-Liang, Peng, Wang, Jian-Guo, Wang, Qun
• Format: Paper Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Ithaca Cornell University Library, arXiv.org 17.08.2022
• Subjects: Electric fields; Electromagnetic fields; Heavy ions; Ionic collisions; Mathematical analysis; Maxwell's equations; Physics - High Energy Physics - Phenomenology; Physics - Nuclear Theory; Pions; Pressure gradients; Protons
• ISSN: 2331-8422
• DOI: 10.48550/arxiv.2201.06171

We have calculated the directed flow \(v_{1}\) and charge-dependent directed flow \(\Delta v_{1}\) for pions and protons in Au+Au collisions at \(\sqrt{s_{NN}}=200\)GeV by solving the coupled Boltzmann-Maxwell equations self-consistently. Our numerical results show that \(v_{1}\) for pions and protons are all negative in the positive mid rapidity region and have similar behavior and magnitude. In contrast we find a quite different behavior in \(\Delta v_{1}\) for pions and protons. The difference lies in that \(\Delta v_{1}\) for protons mainly comes from pressure gradients of the medium, while the dominant contribution to \(\Delta v_{1}\) for pions is from electromagnetic fields. Our results indicate that the effect of the electric field will slightly exceed that of the magnetic and lead to a small negative slope of \(\Delta v_{1}\) for pions