Very Low-Mass Stellar and Substellar Companions to Solar-Like Stars from MARVELS I: A Low Mass Ratio Stellar Companion to TYC 4110-01037-1 in a 79-day Orbit

• Published in: arXiv.org
• Main Authors: Wisniewski, John P, Ge, Jian, Crepp, Justin R, De Lee, Nathan, Eastman, Jason, Esposito, Massimiliano, Fleming, Scott W, Gaudi, B Scott, Ghezzi, Luan, Gonzalez Hernandez, Jonay I, Lee, Brian L, Stassun, Keivan G, Agol, Eric, Carlos Allende Prieto, Barnes, Rory, Bizyaev, Dmitry, Cargile, Phillip, Chang, Liang, Da Costa, Luiz N, G F Porto De Mello, Femenia, Bruno, Ferreira, Leticia D, Bruce, Gary, Hebb, Leslie, Holtzman, Jon, Liu, Jian, Ma, Bo, Mack, Claude E, Mahadevan, Suvrath, Maia, Marcio A G, Nguyen, Duy Cuong, Ogando, Ricardo L C, Oravetz, Daniel J, Paegert, Martin, Pan, Kaike, Pepper, Joshua, Rebolo, Rafael, Basilio Santiago, Schneider, Donald P, Shelden, Alaina C, Simmons, Audrey, Tofflemire, Benjamin M, Wan, Xiaoke, Wang, Ji, Zhao, Bo
• Format: Paper Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Ithaca Cornell University Library, arXiv.org 22.02.2012
• Subjects: Binary stars; Companion stars; Dwarf stars; Image contrast; Orbits; Physics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics; Radial velocity
• ISSN: 2331-8422
• DOI: 10.48550/arxiv.1202.4964

TYC 4110-01037-1 has a low-mass stellar companion, whose small mass ratio and short orbital period are atypical amongst solar-like (Teff ~< 6000 K) binary systems. Our analysis of TYC 4110-01037-1 reveals it to be a moderately aged (~<5 Gyr) solar-like star having a mass of 1.07 +/- 0.08 MSun and radius of 0.99 +/- 0.18 RSun. We analyze 32 radial velocity measurements from the SDSS-III MARVELS survey as well as 6 supporting radial velocity measurements from the SARG spectrograph on the 3.6m TNG telescope obtained over a period of ~2 years. The best Keplerian orbital fit parameters were found to have a period of 78.994 +/- 0.012 days, an eccentricity of 0.1095 +/- 0.0023, and a semi-amplitude of 4199 +/- 11 m/s. We determine the minimum companion mass (if sin i = 1) to be 97.7 +/- 5.8 MJup. The system's companion to host star mass ratio, >0.087 +/- 0.003, places it at the lowest end of observed values for short period stellar companions to solar-like (Teff ~< 6000 K) stars. One possible way to create such a system would be if a triple-component stellar multiple broke up into a short period, low q binary during the cluster dispersal phase of its lifetime. A candidate tertiary body has been identified in the system via single-epoch, high contrast imagery. If this object is confirmed to be co-moving, we estimate it would be a dM4 star. We present these results in the context of our larger-scale effort to constrain the statistics of low mass stellar and brown dwarf companions to FGK-type stars via the MARVELS survey.