Organoids for Drug Discovery and Personalized Medicine

A wide variety of organs are in a dynamic state, continuously undergoing renewal as a result of constant growth and differentiation. Stem cells are required during these dynamic events for continuous tissue maintenance within the organs. In a steady state of production and loss of cells within these...

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Published inAnnual review of pharmacology and toxicology Vol. 59; no. 1; pp. 447 - 462
Main Author Takahashi, Toshio
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published United States Annual Reviews 06.01.2019
Subjects
acetylcholine
drug screening
Lgr5
organoid
personalized medicine
stem cell
Wnt
acetylcholine
stem cell
Wnt
drug screening
organoid
personalized medicine
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Summary:A wide variety of organs are in a dynamic state, continuously undergoing renewal as a result of constant growth and differentiation. Stem cells are required during these dynamic events for continuous tissue maintenance within the organs. In a steady state of production and loss of cells within these tissues, new cells are constantly formed by differentiation from stem cells. Today, organoids derived from either adult stem cells or pluripotent stem cells can be grown to resemble various organs. As they are similar to their original organs, organoids hold great promise for use in medical research and the development of new treatments. Furthermore, they have already been utilized in the clinic, enabling personalized medicine for inflammatory bowel disease. In this review, I provide an update on current organoid technology and summarize the application of organoids in basic research, disease modeling, drug development, personalized treatment, and regenerative medicine.
ISSN:0362-1642
1545-4304
DOI:10.1146/annurev-pharmtox-010818-021108