Volatile Compounds Released by Enzymatic Hydrolysis of Glycoconjugates of Leaves and Grape Berries from Vitis vinifera Muscat of Alexandria and Shiraz Cultivars

• Published in: Journal of agricultural and food chemistry Vol. 49; no. 6; pp. 2917 - 2923
• Main Authors: Wirth, Jérémie, Guo, Wenfei, Baumes, Raymond, Günata, Ziya
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Washington, DC American Chemical Society 01.06.2001
• Subjects: Biological and medical sciences; Fermented food industries; Food engineering; Food industries; Fruit - chemistry; Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology; Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry; Glycoconjugates - analysis; Glycoconjugates - isolation & purification; Hydrolysis; Life Sciences; Rosales - chemistry; Volatilization; Wines and vinegars; Volatile compound; Muscat; Fruit; Organoleptic properties; Aglycone; Enology; Plant leaf; Glycoconjugate; Isoprenoid; Flavor; Vitis vinifera; Hydrolysis; Vitidaceae; Fruit crop; Dicotyledones; Grape; Angiospermae; Spermatophyta; Chemical composition; Cultivar; BIOCHIMIE
• ISSN: 0021-8561; 1520-5118
• DOI: 10.1021/jf001398l

Glycoconjugates from Muscat of Alexandria and Shiraz leaves and grape berries were isolated by adsorption on Amberlite XAD-2 resin, and enzymatically released aglycons were analyzed by GC-FID and GC-MS. About 120 aglycons were fully or tentatively identified. Compositional differences were observed between leaves and berries of the two varieties in five aglycon chemical groups: C6 alcohols, aliphatic alcohols, monoterpenes, shikimates, and C13-norisoprenoids, which were much more abundant in the leaves than in the berries. The differences observed for C13-norisoprenoids were in agreement with their hypothetical independent biosynthesis in leaves and berries. Thus, 3-hydroxy-β-damascone, an important norisoprenoid aglycon of grape berries, was not detected in leaves, whereas its oxidized derivative, 3-oxo-α-damascone, was absent in berries. Compositional differences were also observed between Muscat and Shiraz leaves. 3-Oxo-α-ionol was not detected in Shiraz leaves, and its retro derivatives were less abundant than in Muscat of Alexandria leaves. Conversely, in Shiraz leaves the levels of 7,8-dihydroionone derivatives, such as megastigman-3,9-diol and 3-oxo-7,8-dihydro-α-ionol, were higher than in Muscat of Alexandria leaves. Keywords: Vitis vinifera; Shiraz; Muscat; leaves; berries; aglycons; norisoprenoids