Archaeology, Ecological History, and Conservation

• Published in: Annual review of anthropology Vol. 34; no. 1; pp. 43 - 65
• Main Author: Hayashida, Frances M.
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Palo Alto, CA Annual Reviews 01.01.2005; Annual Reviews, Inc
• Subjects: Anthropology; Archaeological conservation; Archaeology; Art and archaeology; Case studies; Conservation; Ecological sustainability; Ecology; Ecosystems; Environment; Environmental assessment; Environmental conservation; Flora; Forest conservation; Forest ecology; Forest soils; Generalities; Ideology; Land use; Landscape; Landscapes; Methods; Nature; Plants; Research principies; Sustainable agriculture; Trees; Americas; United States > US; Pennsylvania; land-use legacies; Archaeology; Palaeoecology; Flora; applied archaeology; anthropogenic landscapes; human impacts; vegetation history; Environment
• ISSN: 0084-6570; 1545-4290
• DOI: 10.1146/annurev.anthro.34.081804.120515

Ecologists have increasingly turned to history, including human history, to explain and manage modern ecosystems and landscapes. The imprint of past land use can persist even in seemingly pristine areas. Archaeology provides a long-term perspective on human actions and their environmental consequences that can contribute to conservation and restoration efforts. Case studies illustrate examples of the human history of seemingly pristine landscapes, forest loss and recovery, and the creation or maintenance of places that today are valued habitats. Finally, as archaeologists become more involved in research directed at contemporary environmental issues, they need to consider the potential uses and abuses of their findings in management and policy debates.