When nonsense sounds happy or helpless: The Implicit Positive and Negative Affect Test (IPANAT)

This article introduces an instrument for the indirect assessment of positive and negative affect, the Implicit Positive and Negative Affect Test (IPANAT). This test draws on participant ratings of the extent to which artificial words subjectively convey various emotions. Factor analyses of these ra...

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Bibliographic Details
Published inJournal of personality and social psychology Vol. 97; no. 3; p. 500
Main Authors Quirin, Markus, Kazén, Miguel, Kuhl, Julius
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published United States 01.09.2009
Subjects
Adolescent
Affect
Female
Happiness
Helplessness, Learned
Humans
Judgment
Male
Personality Assessment - statistics & numerical data
Psychometrics - statistics & numerical data
Semantics
Sensitivity and Specificity
Young Adult
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Summary:This article introduces an instrument for the indirect assessment of positive and negative affect, the Implicit Positive and Negative Affect Test (IPANAT). This test draws on participant ratings of the extent to which artificial words subjectively convey various emotions. Factor analyses of these ratings yielded two independent factors that can be interpreted as implicit positive and negative affect. The corresponding scales show adequate internal consistency, test-retest reliability, stability (Study 1), and construct validity (Study 2). Studies 3 and 4 demonstrate that the IPANAT also measures state variance. Finally, Study 5 provides criterion-based validity by demonstrating that correlations between implicit affect and explicit affect are higher under conditions of spontaneous responding than under conditions of reflective responding to explicit affect scales. The present findings suggest that the IPANAT is a reliable and valid measure with a straightforward application procedure.
ISSN:0022-3514
DOI:10.1037/a0016063